Passiflora ligularis Juss.

Sweet granadilla (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Passifloraceae > Passiflora

Characteristics

Rather stout climbers, glabrous throughout. Leaves long-petiolate, basifixed, entire, broadly ovate, deeply cordate, abruptly subcaudate-acuminate, 8-17 cm. long, 6-15 cm. broad; petioles 5-15 cm. long, with 3-5 pairs of elongate filiform glands; stipules foliaceous, ovate, 1-3 cm. long. Inflorescences solitary, bearing a single showy pale green, purple-and lavender-tinged flower; peduncles 2-5 cm. long, jointed directly beneath the flower; bracts involucrate and foliaceous, ovate, 2-4 cm. long. Flowers about 7-9 cm. in diameter; sepals oblong, 3-5 cm. long; petals narrowly lanceolate, 3-4 cm. long; filaments of the corona in several series, the outermost about as long as the petals. Fruits broadly ovoid, 6-8 cm. long, purplish yellow.
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A vigorous climbing vine. It grows 26 m long. It is woody at the base. The fruit is larger, yellow skinned and sweeter with larger seeds than the more common purple passionfruit. Leaves are entire, heart shaped and up to 20 cm long. Flowers are pale green. They are large. They can be 8-10 cm across. The fruit have a purple tinge and turn orange when ripe. The pulp is white or translucent and sweet. The fruit are 6-7.5 cm long.
Leaf-lamina 8–17 × 6–13 cm., broadly ovate, abruptly acuminate at apex, entire-margined, deeply cordate at the base, penninerved, membranous, dark green above, paler beneath; petiole 4–10 cm. long, bearing 4–6 scattered, liguliform or filiform glands, 3–10 mm. long; stipules 1–2·5 × 0·8–1·2 cm., ovate-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, entire or serrulate, narrowed at the base.
Corona in 5–7 rows, the filaments of the 2 outer ones as long as the petals, radiate, blue at apex, banded with white and reddish-purple below, the inner rows approximate, the filaments c. 2 mm. long.
Glands on petiole thread-like or long-cavate; leaves deeply cordate; flowers 6-9 cm ø, white or pale pinkish; corona filaments banded; fruits ovoid, 6-8 cm long, edible.
Bracts 2–3·5 × 1–1·5 cm., connate along 1/5–1/3 of their length, the free parts ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, entire, glabrous but tomentose near the margin.
Seeds c. 6 × 4 mm., narrowly obcordate, minutely tridentate at the apex, with the faces irregularly reticulate.
Operculum membranous, slightly incurved, denticulate, white and reddish-purple at margin.
Sepals 2·5–3·5 × 1–1·5 cm., acute, green outside, white inside.
Stems terete, greyish, grooved; internodes up to 8 cm. long.
Petals c. 3 × 0·8–1 cm., oblong, white or pinkish-white.
Limen cupuliform, surrounding the base of the gynophore.
Stout herbaceous glabrous plant, climbing by tendrils.
Fruit 6–8 × 4–5 cm., ovoid, yellowish or purplish.
Peduncle 2–4 cm. long, solitary or geminate.
Calyx-tube short, campanulate.
Flowers 6–9 cm. in diameter.
Tendrils stout and long.
Ovary ovoid.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.5 - 2.5
Mature height (meter) 4.0 - 5.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It suits the tropical highlands. They grow between 1300 and 2400 m altitude in the tropics. It needs rich soil with good drainage. It cannot tolerate frost. It does not do well in very hot places. In the Andes it grows between 800-3,000 m above sea level.
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Mesic or humid forests, especially tropical highland forest, often climbing into the canopies; at elevations from 1,000-3,000 metres.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-4
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 11-12

Usage

The fruit are eaten. They can be eaten fresh or used in drinks.
Uses environmental use food gene source invertebrate food medicinal
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

They can be grown from cuttings. Plants need a fence or trellis to grow on. They can also be grown from fresh seed.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 365
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 29
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 22 - 26
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Passiflora ligularis leaf picture by sosa giovanni (cc-by-sa)
Passiflora ligularis leaf picture by Mario Pino (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Passiflora ligularis fruit picture by Pauline Morelle (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Passiflora ligularis world distribution map, present in Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Sri Lanka, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Papua New Guinea, El Salvador, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:675142-1
WFO ID wfo-0000480239
COL ID 4DYKY
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 706610
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Passiflora ligularis Passiflora lowei Passiflora serratistipula Passiflora ligularis var. geminiflora

Lower taxons

Passiflora ligularis var. lobata