Passiflora mollissima L.H.Bailey

Passiflore (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Passifloraceae > Passiflora

Characteristics

Climber to 20 m., perennial, subglabrous to densely pubescent throughout; stem terete, finely striate.. Leaf-blades 3-lobed, the depth varying from about half-way to ± six-sevenths, in outline suborbicular, 5–11 by 6–13 cm., base truncate to cordate, 3(–5)-nerved from the base, membranous to thinly coriaceous, glabrous or subglabrous above, pubescent to various degrees beneath; lobes elliptic to lanceolate, 2.5–6 cm., top acute or up to 1.5 cm. acuminate; margin glandular serrate-dentate up to 2 mm.; petiole 0.7–2.5(–5) cm.. Glands on petiole absent or mostly 2–5 pairs, minute, sessile or subsessile; blade-glands, except marginal glands and sometimes a small gland in the lobe-sinuses, absent.. Stipules subcircular or obliquely reniform, either ± 2 mm. or ± 0.5(–0.9) cm. in diameter, finely glandular dentate, if small caducous.. Inflorescences 1-flowered, the peduncle 1.5–5 cm., inserted beside a simple tendril 5–18 cm.; bracts and bracteoles 2–4 cm., acute-acuminate, connate for half-way to up to ± three-fourths, forming a tubiform involucre.. Flowers 5–10 cm. in diameter, pinkish or pinkish red to pinkish orange.. Hypanthium tubiform, (5–)6–9 by 0.5–1.5 cm.; sepals oblong, 2–5.5 cm., subobtuse, mucronate below apex.. Petals oblong, 2–5 cm., obtuse.. Corona a low lobulate edge at the throat of the hypanthium; operculum an inward curved membrane, at the base of the hypanthium.. Androgynophore 6–10 cm... Filaments 10–15 mm., dilated; anthers 7–13 mm.. Ovary oblong, 10–12 mm., pubescent; styles 10–15 mm.. Fruit rather dry, ± ellipsoid, excluding the long gynophore 6–12 cm. long, softly pubescent, yellowish.. Seeds many, ellipsoid, ± 6 mm.
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Vigorous vine; shoots densely hairy, weakly angular when young. Lvs 3-lobed; petioles 1.5-5 cm long, densely hairy, with (4)-6-12 stalked or subsessile glands; stipules 5-10 mm wide (excluding subulate apex when present), subreniform, with glandular teeth; lamina lobes usually 5-14 cm long, extending 1/2-⅔ of the distance in from the margin, usually ± tomentose below, hairy or glabrate above, elliptic or elliptic-ovate, narrow-lanceolate on juvenile shoots, serrate or serrulate, acute; middle lobe largest, 4-9 × 2-5 cm. Fls ☿, solitary. Pedicels > petioles, densely hairy. Bracts 1.5-3.75 cm long, ovate or broad-ovate, ± tomentose outside, entire or slightly toothed, united for lower 1/4-1/2 until anthesis. Hypanthium 8-9.5 cm long, glabrous outside. Sepals 2-3.8 cm long, elliptic, green on reverse, pink or rose inside, rounded and with short horn near apex; petals similar but pink on both sides; corona a ring of purple, white-tipped scales 1-2 mm long. Filaments 1.5-2 cm long, pale, often scarcely > anthers; anthers (7)-10-12 mm long. Ovary white-villous. Fr. (6)-7-12 × 2-3 cm, ± ellipsoid, yellow or orange-yellow, puberulent; pulp sweet and orange, edible. Seed 4.5-5.5 mm long, broad-obovoid, dark red to black, alveolate.
Leaf-lamina 5–10 × 6–12 cm., 3(5)-lobed to c. 2/3 of its length, the lobes 3–4 cm. broad, ovate or ovate-oblong, acute, the sinuses also acute, sharply serrate-dentate and glandular at margin, subcordate at the base, membranous, softly pubescent above, greyish-or yellowish-tomentose beneath; petiole up to 3 cm. long, canaliculate, with 8–12 small sessile glands near the margin; stipules 7–9 × 3–4 mm., subreniform, aristate, denticulate or subentire.
A vigorous vine. It has a leaf with 3 lobes. The vine has tendrils by which it attaches to other plants. The flowers are pink and about 7.5 cm across. The fruit is long and yellow, 5-12 cm long x 3-4 cm diameter. It contains several hard black seeds.
Calyx-tube 6·5–8 cm. long, c. 1 cm. in diameter, glabrous, rarely pubescent, olive-green, often red outside, white inside.
Bracts 2·5–3 cm. long, united for 1/2 to 3/4 their length, acute at apex, entire-margined, softly tomentose.
Fruit 6–7 × 3–3·5 cm., oblong-ovoid, green when unripe, orange-yellow when ripe, softly pubescent.
Stems terete, densely and softly yellow-tomentose; internodes 4–5 cm. or more long.
Corona consisting of a purple band with a few pinkish tubercles or crenulations.
Sepals 2·5–5·5 × 1–1·5 cm., oblong, obtuse, shortly horned below the apex.
Bracts to 4 cm, connate up to halfway; fruit ellipsoid, 7-12 cm, edible.
Herbaceous perennial climber reaching to 20 m., with pendulous flowers.
Seeds up to 6 × 5 mm., broadly obovate, asymmetrical, reticulate.
Operculum white, recurved at the margin, subentire.
Petals almost as long as the sepals, obtuse, pink.
Ovary 9 × 3 mm., oblong, sericeous-tomentose.
Peduncle 2–6 cm. long.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.5 - 2.5
Mature height (meter) 4.5 - 5.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 1.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It continuously wet areas in temperate or high altitude tropical regions the plant can spread rapidly climbing trees for support. It is suited to colder highland conditions in the tropics. It grows wild over 2500 m altitude in Papua New Guinea. Plants will fruit between 1600 and 2800 m altitude in the tropics. It suits hardiness zones 8-11. It is sensitive to frost.
Light 4-7
Soil humidity 3-7
Soil texture 1-4
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

Usage

The fruit is eaten when ripe. It is also used for drinks, ice creams, fruit salads, jellies, pies, puddings, sauces, and made into a liqueur. The juice is fermented into wine.
Uses environmental use fodder food gene source invertebrate food medicinal ornamental
Edible fruits seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Seeds can be sown in a nursery and then transplanted. Almost always grown from seeds, but it can be propagated by cuttings. Bottom heating the seeds at 20-26°C can result in germination at 1-2 weeks, at lower temperatures seeds can take up to 10 weeks to germinate. Plants need a framework to climb over.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 365
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 29
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 15 - 18
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Passiflora mollissima flower picture by Robayo Gonzalez (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Passiflora mollissima world distribution map, present in Australia, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Sri Lanka, Mexico, New Zealand, Panama, Peru, Papua New Guinea, Portugal, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), South Africa, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185076-2
WFO ID wfo-0000480225
COL ID 4DYP4
BDTFX ID 120151
INPN ID 710081
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Murucuia mollissima Tacsonia mollissima Murucuja mollissima Tacsonia mollissima var. glabrescens Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima Passiflora tomentosa var. mollissima Passiflora mollissima