Pelargonium quercifolium (l.f.) l'hér. R.Knuth

Oakleaf geranium (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Geraniales > Geraniaceae > Pelargonium l'hér.

Characteristics

An erect to somewhat rounded, much-branched, evergreen, aromatic, viscid shrub; usually ±60 cm high but occasionally as tall as 1.8 m. Stem and branches smooth, herbaceous when young but soon turning somewhat woody, villous, with long glandular hairs, green at first but turning brownish with age. Leaves simple, membranous, strigose with occasional long soft hairs and densely beset with long glandular hairs, green; lamina cordiform to triangular in out-line, 3-palmatisect to pinnatisect with segments irregularly pinnatifid to pinnatisect, apices of segments acute to rounded, margins irregularly dentate-serrate, 2-8 cm long and 2.5-7 cm wide; petiole cylindrical, 1.5-3 cm long; stipules triangular to broadly ovate, ±4 mm long and 5 mm wide, membranous, indumentum as on stem. Inflorescence a subterminal pseudo-umbel of 2-6 irregular flowers, borne on a 2-8 cm long unbranched peduncle; bracts subtending pseudo-umbel broadly ovate, adaxially concave, apices acute, 5-9 mm long and 5-7 mm wide, indumentum as on stem. Pedicel short: 1-3 mm long. Hypanthium 6-11 mm long, indumentum as on stem. Sepals 5, free, narrowly ovate, adaxially concave, apices acute, abaxially densely covered with glandular hairs up to 1 mm long, adaxially villous, green or tinged with reddish brown and with hyaline margins, 9-10 mm long and 5-6 mm wide, posterior sepal only up to 3 mm wide. Petals 5, free, unequal, narrowly to very narrowly ovate with rounded apices, gradually recurved through 45°, bright pink to pinkish purple but fading on prolonged exposure to sunshine; posterior two 18-25 mm long and 5-8 mm wide, with wine-red linear markings near base; anterior three 17-20 mm long and 4-6 mm wide. Stamens 10, basally fused into a short staminal column; fertile stamens 7; filaments flattened, up to 12 mm long and 3 mm wide at base, very pale pink becoming bright pink towards apices; anthers 2.5 mm long and 1 mm wide, orange-pink when young, turning purplish pink. Ovary superior, narrowly ovoid, covered in white, silky, apically-directed hairs, 4 mm long and 1.5 mm wide, green; style 9 mm long, pink; stigma 5-partite with each branch bent sideways like the spoke of a Catherine-wheel, velvety, 3.5 mm long; fruit a schizocarp consisting of 5 1-seeded mericarps, head of mericarp ±5 mm long, tail plumose and ±2.5 cm long.
More
Erect, much-branched, strongly balm-scented, viscid shrub, up to 1.75 m high and 0.75 m in diameter. Stems herbaceous when young but soon becoming woody, villous and densely interspersed with long glandular hairs, green but becoming brownish with age. Leaves hard to the touch (almost scabrous), strigose with a few long soft hairs in between and densely interspersed with long glandular hairs, green; lamina cordiform to triangular in outline, 3-palmatisect to pinnatisect, with the segments irregularly pinnatifid to pinnatisect, apices of segments acute to obtuse, margins irregularly dentate-serrate, (10-)20(-80) x (12-)25(-70) mm; petiole (7-)15(-30) mm long, indumentum as on stems but with sharp, appressed stiff hairs in between; stipules triangular to cordiform, ±4 x 5 mm. Inflorescence: flowering branches with normal and smaller foliar leaves; peduncles 20-80 mm, distinctly articulated at distal and proximal ends in infructescences, villous and densely interspersed with long glandular hairs; involucral bracts broadly ovate, caudate, villous and with glandular hairs interspersed, 5-9 x 5-7 mm; pseudo-umbels with 2-6 flowers each. Pedicel 1-2 mm long. Hypanthium 6-11 mm long, villous and densely interspersed with glandular hairs. Sepals lanceolate, apiculate, indumentum abaxially as on hypanthium, green to reddish-brown with white margins, ±10 x 3-5 mm. Petals pale pink to dark pinkish-purple; posterior two spathulate, apices obtuse to emarginate, with dark purple markings reflexed at less than 9u°, 18-25 x 5-8 mm; anterior three spathulate with long narrow claws, slightly reflexed, ±20 x 4-6 mm. P. quercifolium flowers from August to January but the odd flower may be found throughout the year.
As P. panduriforme but differing in the following: shrub usually viscid, 0.50-1.75 m high. Leaves hard textured, almost scabrous; lamina cordiform to triangular, 3-palmatisect to pinnatisect, up to 80 x 70 mm, segments irregularly pinnatifid to pinnatisect, margins irregularly dentate-serrate; strigose interspersed with a few long, soft hairs and glandular hairs (never woolly). Inflorescences of 2-6-flowered pseudo-umbels. Petals pale pink to pinkish purple; posterior two 18-25 x 5-8 mm; anterior three, ± 20 x 4-6 mm, narrow-clawed.
Aromatic shrub to 1.5 m. Leaves pinnatifid, roughly hairy, balm-scented, to 8 x 7 cm. Flowers to 6 on fairly short but stout, axillary peduncles, ± 30 mm diam., purple, subsessile; hypanthium 6-11 mm long.
Life form annual
Growth form shrub
Growth support -
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.6 - 1.75
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 7-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Pelargonium quercifolium (l.f.) l'hér. unspecified picture

Distribution

Pelargonium quercifolium (l.f.) l'hér. world distribution map, present in Australia, Spain, India, Mauritius, New Zealand, Portugal, Réunion, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60457187-2
WFO ID wfo-0001064352
COL ID 6TZLY
BDTFX ID 168416
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Pelargonium spinii Pelargonium karrooense Geraniospermum quercifolium Geranium quercifolium Geranium terebinthinaceum Pelargonium quercifolium (l.f.) l'hér. Geranium x oxoniense