Pelekium ramusculosum (Mitt.) A.Touw

Plants remotely bipinnate (often many of the distal branches simple), medium-sized, but often appearing slender because of the remote ramification, mostly yellowish green, less often light green, sordid green, or, brownish. Stem arching to sinuose-straggling, up to 6 cm long. Paraphyllia dense, consisting of quadrate to elongate cells, their distal cell consisting of quadrate to elongate cells, their distal cell mostly long-conical and acute, occasionally truncate in a few paraphyllia. Stem leaves 0.5-1.0 by 0.5-0.7 mm, cordate-triangular to broadly cordate-triangular, mostly strongly incurved when dry, patent when moist, keeled and longitudinally plicate both wet and dry; apex gradually to abruptly acuminate; margin narrowly to broadly recurved and often bearing a few paraphyllioid appendages near the leaf base, upwards becoming flat, papillate-crenulate; costa strong, abaxially strongly prominent and smooth to more or less spinose; leaf cells 5-10 by 3.5-6 µm, mamillate and unipapillate with strong and curved papillae, most strongly so and occasionally pluripapillate in the basal part of the leaf; terminal cell smooth to pluripapillate. Branches up to c. 6 mm long, bearing rather many paraphyllia in their basal part ot almost naked; branchlets naked. Branch leaves up to 0.65 mm long, ovate, strongly incurved when dry, spreading to weakly incurved and mostly not complanate when moist; apex acute to weakly acuminate, more rounded-acute in the distal leaves and the leaves of the branchlets; margin strongly papillate-crenulate; costa strong, abaxially prominent, distal abaxial cells mostly strongly papillate-projecting; leaf cells isodiametrical or nearly so, c. 5-7 µm across, mamillate and bearing single, strong and mostly curved papillae. Inner perichaetial leaves up to 2.5 mm long, gradually narrowed to a straight or flexuose subula; margin bearing spinose teeth or very short cilia. Seta (10-)20-27 mm long, reddish or orange, smooth. Theca c. 1.5-2.0 mm long, long-elliptical to cylindrical, brownish, mostly curved, inclined to horizontal. Endostome cilia in groups of 1-3. Spores c. 10-15 µm across. Operculum c. 0.5-0.8 mm long, short-rostrate. Calyptra c. 2 mm long.