Pemphis acidula J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.

Species

Angiosperms > Myrtales > Lythraceae > Pemphis

Characteristics

Shrubs to densely branched, spreading trees, maritime, small, to 11 m tall, but often ca. 1 m. Stems and branchlets ascending; branchlets, young leaves, and inflorescences densely silky grayish white strigose. Leaves opposite, sessile or subsessile; petiole to 2 mm; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, 1-3 cm × 5-15 mm, thick, succulent, base attenuate, apex often terminating in a minute circular hydathode. Flowers solitary or paired, axillary, 6-merous, actinomorphic, heteromorphic, distylous; pedicel 5-13 m. Floral tube 4-5 mm, turbinate, 12-ribbed, thick walled, densely grayish white strigose; sepals short, ca. 1/4 as long as floral tube; epicalyx segments equaling sepals or ca. 1/2 as long. Petals 6, white or pale pink, obovate to suborbicular, 3-5 mm. Stamens 12, scarcely biseriate, 6 exserted in short-styled thrum flowers, all included in long-styled pin flowers. Ovary vestigially 3-or 4-loculed, appearing 1-loculed with free central placentation at maturity; ovules ascending on short placenta; style long-exserted in pin flowers, included in thrum flowers; stigma capitate. Capsules dry, circumscissile, obovoid, ca. 6 mm, slightly exserted at maturity. Seeds ca. 20, irregularly obpyramidal, not winged, 2-3 mm. 2n = 32.
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Shrub or small tree to 11 m tall, hoary, silky-tomentose. Leaves subsucculent, ovate to oblong, obtuse, attenuate basally and subsessile; lamina 1–3 cm long. Peduncle 5–13 mm long. Hypanthium campanulate, 3–5 mm deep; appendages shorter than sepals. Sepals triangular, c. 0.5 mm long. Petals orbicular to obovate, 4–5 mm long, white, sometimes tinged with pink. Stamens 12, included to slightly exserted. Ovary 3-locular below, 1-locular above, heterostylous. Capsule globose, 3–5 mm diam.; dehiscence circumscissile.
A shrub or small tree. It can grow to 2-10 m high and spread 1.5-6 m wide. The trunk is gnarled and grey. Young growth has grey silky hairs. The bark is brown and flaky. The small branches are angular. The leaves are small, fleshy and oval. They are 1.3-2.5 cm long by 0.3-0.7 cm wide. They are opposite and grey-green. The flowers are small and white. They have 6 papery petals. The flower is almost enclosed in a reddish ring of the outer sepals. The fruit is a capsule 0.7 cm across. It is red.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.5 - 6.0
Mature height (meter) 8.0 - 10.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Sandy shores, at or even below high-water mark, inlets in mangrove forests, coral-rag thicket; in areas exposed to salt spray and the drier sides of swamps. Coastal limestone rocks, cliffs, and on limestone bedrock outcrops on atolls.
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It is a tropical plant. It grows on coastal limestone rocks and on atolls. It is common on the inner margins of mangroves. It occurs on Pacific atolls.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The fruit are sometimes eaten in Kiribati. The leaves are acid and eaten raw.
Uses charcoal dye environmental use food fuel gene source material medicinal oil wood
Edible fruits leaves saps
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seed.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Pemphis acidula leaf picture by Emanuele Santarelli (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Pemphis acidula flower picture by Hugo SANTACREU (cc-by-sa)
Pemphis acidula flower picture by James Bleckley (cc-by-sa)
Pemphis acidula flower picture by Emanuele Santarelli (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Pemphis acidula fruit picture by Hugo SANTACREU (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Pemphis acidula world distribution map, present in French Southern Territories, Australia, China, Fiji, Micronesia (Federated States of), Guam, Indonesia, India, Kiribati, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Myanmar, Northern Mariana Islands, Mozambique, Mauritius, Mayotte, Niue, Philippines, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Réunion, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Seychelles, Thailand, Tokelau, Tonga, Tuvalu, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, United States Minor Outlying Islands, United States of America, Viet Nam, Vanuatu, and Samoa

Conservation status

Pemphis acidula threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554064-1
WFO ID wfo-0001075872
COL ID 76HF8
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 447291
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Millania rupestris Macclellandia griffithiana Lythrum pemphis Melanium fruticosum Pemphis angustifolia Pemphis setosa Mangium porcellanicum Melanium rupestre Pemphis acidula