Pentanisia schweinfurthii Hiern

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Rubiaceae > Pentanisia

Characteristics

Perennial pyrophytic herb, 3.8–24 cm. tall, from a woody rootstock; stems up to 25 from each root (about 3–5 from each apical branch of the rootstock), glabrous or bifariously hairy.. Leaf-blades very variable, the lower round, elliptic or elliptic-obovate, the upper linear to round, 0.3–5.5 cm. long, 0.2–1.8(–2) cm. wide, acute to obtuse at the apex, cuneate at the base, mostly drying yellowish green, glabrous or rarely shortly hairy; petiole up to 2 mm. long; stipules with 2–4 deltoid lobes or 1 trifid lobe, 1–4.5(–7) mm. long from a base 1–3 mm. long.. Inflorescences capitate, 1–2.5 cm. long, 0.3–1.3 cm. wide or branched and spike-like, 2–3.5 cm. long; peduncle up to 7.4 cm. long.. Calyx-tube squarish, 0.6–1(–1.5) mm. long, 0.5–1 (–1.5) mm. wide, glabrous or sometimes covered with bristly white hairs; lobes unequal, the longest 1–3.5 mm. long, 0.3–0.8 mm. wide, the rest minute.. Corolla bright blue, white, pale lilac or purple; tube 0.6–1.3 cm. long, 1.2–2(–3) cm. wide at the apex, glabrous or pubescent with short white hairs; throat densely hairy; lobes ovate-oblong to ovate-lanceolate, 2–6 mm. long, 1–2 mm. wide.. Style exserted 2–4 mm. in long-styled flowers; stigma-lobes linear, 0.5–1.5(–2) mm. long.. Fruiting inflorescence spicate, up to 4 cm. long; fruits ovoid, broadest at the middle, 1.5–2.5 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, glabrous or covered with white pubescence, 2-locular, the locules often unequal, thin-walled, not ribbed, borne on ledges on the rhachis.. Seeds yellow-brown, broadly elliptic in outline, concavo-convex, 2 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, 0.6 mm. thick, finely marked with brown.
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Leaf blades very variable, 0.3–6 x 0.2–1.8(2) cm., the lower round, elliptic or elliptic-obovate, the upper linear to round, acute to obtuse at the apex, cuneate at the base, mostly drying yellowish green, glabrous or rarely shortly hairy; petiole up to 2 mm. long; stipules with 2–4 deltoid lobes or 1 trifid lobe, 1–4.5(7) mm. long from a base 1–3 mm. long.
A small herb. It is erect and branched. It grows 25 cm tall. It grows from a fleshy root stock. The leaves are simple and borne in pairs. The leaves are oval and taper to the base. There is no leaf stalk. The leaves are about 2.5 cm long. The flowers are in heads. They are tube shaped and small and blue.
Fruiting inflorescence spicate, up to 4 cm. long; fruits 1.5–2.5 x 1.5–2 mm., ovoid, broadest at the middle, glabrous or covered with white pubescence, 2-locular, the locules often unequal, thin-walled, not ribbed, borne on ledges on the rhachis.
Corolla bright blue, white, pale lilac or purple; tube 0.6–1.3 cm. x 1.2–2(3) mm. at the apex, glabrous or pubescent with short white hairs; throat densely hairy; lobes 2–6 x 1–2 mm., ovate-oblong to ovate-lanceolate.
Perennial pyrophytic herb, 3.8–24 cm. tall, from a woody rootstock; stems up to 25 from each root (about 3–5 from each apical branch of the rootstock), glabrous or bifariously hairy.
Calyx tube squarish 0.5–1(1.5) mm. long and wide, glabrous or sometimes covered with bristly white hairs; lobes unequal, the longest 1–3.5 x 0.3–0.8 mm., the rest minute.
Inflorescences capitate, 1–2.5 x 0.3–1.3 cm. or branched and spike-like, 2–3.5 cm. long; peduncle up to 7.4 cm. long.
Seeds yellow-brown, 2 x 1.5 x 0.6 mm., broadly elliptic in outline, concavo-convex, finely marked with brown.
Style exserted 2–4 mm. in long-styled flowers; stigma lobes linear, 0.5–1.5(2) mm. long.
Perennial herb with a tuft of stems 2-12 in. high from a woody rootstock
Flowering after fires.
Flowers bright blue
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.05 - 0.25
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Grasslands and woodlands, always in areas subject to burning; it is fire-resistant. In eastern Africa it grows at elevations of 800-2,250 metres. Found particularly on bare soil and other exposed areas and poorish grassland subject to burning.
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A tropical plant. It grows at high elevations in Malawi. It can resist fire. Fire is probably needed to stimulate flowering. In Zimbabwe it grows between 800-2,250 m above sea level. It grows in grassland and open woodland.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The leaves are cooked and eaten.
Uses food gene source material medicinal
Edible flowers leaves shoots
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
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Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Pentanisia schweinfurthii world distribution map, present in Angola, Burkina Faso, Kenya, Mozambique, Nigeria, Sudan, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:760235-1
WFO ID wfo-0000266841
COL ID 76NCN
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Pentanisia rhodesiana Pentanisia sericocarpa Pentanisia schweinfurthii Pentanisia schweinfurthii var. puberula Pentanisia crassifolia