Phaleria octandra Baill.

Species

Angiosperms > Malvales > Thymelaeaceae > Phaleria

Characteristics

Shrub up to 5 m by 5 cm. Leaves chartaceous to subcoriaceous, elliptic-oblong, narrowly elliptic or obovate, (4-)13-26 by (1.5-)3-8 cm; base attenuate, rarely short-acute; apex acuminate; nerves 9-11 pairs, slightly ascending and curved; veins rather widely reticulate, slightly elevated below, plane and visible above; petiole 6 mm. Inflorescences usually terminal and/or in the axils of the terminal node, sometimes in the axils along the branchlets (BEUMEE 2405, Bo), 8-10(-15-∞)-flowered; peduncles very short to up to 1.5 cm, usually with decussate, small, lanceolate scales at the base gradually increasing in size apically. Involucral bracts 4, rarely 5, ovate or obovate, 8-12 by 4-11 mm, puberulous on the upper part of both surfaces, persistent, rarely caducous after anthesis. Flowers (1-)1.5-2.25 cm long. Floral tube cylindric, slightly swollen at the base, usually pubescent on both surfaces, sometimes glabrescent. Petaloid appendages sometimes rim-like. Calyx lobes 4 or 5, oblong or slightly elliptic or obovate, 4-7 by 2-3 mm, densely puberulous outside and at the upper part inside. Stamens and pistil long-exserted (up to 8 mm) in anthesis. Disk cup-shaped, membranous. Pistil 2-2.5 cm long. Ovary glabrous, ellipsoid, narrowed into the filiform style; stigma capitate. Fruits ellipsoid, ovoid, sometimes slightly compressed, 11-16 by 9-15 mm, acute or attenuate and pointed towards both ends, usually 2-celled, 2-or 1-seeded, once found 3-seeded (VALETON 123, Bo).
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Shrub 0.5–3 m high. Leaves usually elliptic or narrowly elliptic; lamina 7.5–23 cm long, 2–10 cm wide; petiole 3–9 mm long. Inflorescence of 8–25-flowered clusters; clusters usually terminal, rarely some in upper axils; involucral bracts 4, with minute hairs at least at apex or around margin, usually persistent at anthesis; peduncle 2.5–7 mm long. Flowers with minute hairs outside or sometimes glabrous or nearly so, white; pedicel to 0.3 mm long, glabrous. Hypanthium 10–17 mm long. Sepals 4 or 5, ±elliptic, 4–7 mm long. Stamens all prominently exserted. Mature fruit 1–1.5 cm long, red.
A shrub or small tree. It grows 1-6 m tall. The leaf blades are 8-23 cm long and 2-10 cm wide. The leaf stalk has a groove on the upper surface. There are 8-25 flowers in a group. They are white and at the ends of stems. The fruit can be 1.5 cm long and almost without a stalk. They are green and turn red. The fruit have 2 cells and 1-2 seeds.
Life form annual
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.0 - 5.0
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

In beach-forest, common on sandy soil of teak forest in E. Java, rarely in primary and secondary mixed forests, from the lowland up to 600 m, in Jamdena up to 800 m, in Timor up to 1000 m.
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It is a tropical plant. It is an understorey shrub in the rainforest. It grows from sea level to about 800 m above sea level.
Grows in rainforest in various soils.
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Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses material poison social use
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds.
Mode seedlings
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Images

Phaleria octandra unspecified picture

Distribution

Phaleria octandra world distribution map, present in Australia, Spain, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, and Timor-Leste

Conservation status

Phaleria octandra threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:832482-1
WFO ID wfo-0001142548
COL ID 4FRM9
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Phaleria blumei Dais longifolia Dais octandra Drimyspermum ambiguum Drimyspermum burmanni Drimyspermum laurifolium Drimyspermum longifolium Phaleria octandra Phaleria laurifolia Phaleria longifolia Phaleria neumannii Phaleria parvifolia Phaleria pedunculata Phaleria ambigua Drimyspermum blumei Phaleria blumei var. latifolia Phaleria laurifolia var. javanica Phaleria octandra var. laurifolia Drimyspermum neumannii