Phymaspermum acerosum (Dc.) Källersjö

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Phymaspermum

Characteristics

Multistemmed, densely leafy shrub, 0.3-1.8 m high. Stems unbranched to few-branched; branches erect, glabrous or scabrous to silvery villous; fascicles present in leaf axils. Leaves alternate, spreading, 6.0-40.0 x 0.5-1.0 mm, linear when undissected, mucronate, sometimes involute, entire (usually on upper branches) to deeply pinnatifid, narrowed into petiole-like base when dissected, sometimes with secondary basal lobes, glabrous to silvery villous on both surfaces, leathery; basal swelling present, continuous with stem ribs; lobes 3-9, 2.0-24.0 x 0.5-1.0 mm, linear, mucronate. Capitula discoid, homogamous, terminal, few-to many-headed (5 to +100), simple or compound corymbs, pedunculate; peduncles 8.0-42.0 mm long, tomentose. Involucre 3.0-6.0 x 1.5-3.0 mm, narrowly campanulate to cylindrical, tapering at the base; involucral bracts 3-or 4-seriate, loosely to tightly arranged, margins and apices scarious, membranous apices of inner bracts ± 0.5 mm long, glabrous to villous, brown margins absent, median resin canals present; outer bracts lanceolate, 1.4-2.5 mm long, acute to acuminate; middle bracts lanceolate, 2.4-3.5 mm long, acute to acuminate; inner bracts lanceolate to oblong, 3.3-4.2 mm long, rounded. Receptacle convex; paleae in marginal series (rarely rudimentary inner paleae present), oblong to linear, 4.0-4.8 mm long, acute, rigid with thick scarious margins and apices, scarious apices ± 0.6 mm long. Disc florets 3-18, sometimes with resin canals in the tube, limb and lobes; corolla 2.3-2.6 mm long, with only glandular trichomes, yellow; tube 1.0-1.5 mm long; limb campanulate, 0.8-1.2 mm long (excluding lobes); lobes spreading, 0.6-0.7 mm long, triangular. Anthers 2.5-2.8 mm long (including apical appendage); apical appendage oblong. Style 2.0-2.8 mm long (excluding branches); branches 0.5-0.6 mm long. Cypselas ca. 2.0 x 0.5 mm, oblong, 13-to14-ribbed, apical rim thickened, entire to slightly dentate, light to dark brown, glandular trichomes absent, discontinuous resin canals in ribs present. It flowers throughout the year, with a peak between April and July.
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Shrub, up to 2 m high, densely leafy, with leaf tufts in axils of primary leaves. Leaves alternate, sessile; blade pinnate, segments filiform, glabrous, sparsely hairy or villous. Heads discoid, narrowly cylindrical, 2-12-flowered, many in dense, terminal, compound corymbs. Involucral bracts narrow gutter-shaped, in several rows, imbricate, glabrous. Receptacle epaleate. Flowers: disc florets only; corolla 5-lobed, bright yellow; Mar.-May. Fruit with cypsela cylindric, ribbed, ribs with elongated oil sacs. Pappus absent but cypsela crowned with a thickened rim, entire or minutely crenate.
Well-branched shrub or stems simple or subsimple, up to 2 m high, with leaf tufts or leafy shoots in axils of primary shoots. Leaves alternate, sessile, pinnate, filiform, sometimes simple, bi-or trifid, glabrous, sparsely hairy or villous. Capitula discoid, narrowly cylindrical, many in dense, terminal, compound corymbs; involucral bracts narrow, gutter-shaped, imbricate. Florets bright yellow. Flowering time Dec.-July. Pappus absent. Cypselae cylindric, ribbed, crowned with a thickened rim.
Silky villous, subshrub or perennial herb, up to 0.5 m high, primary leaves with dwarf shoots in their axils. Leaves alternate, pinnately divided, lobes filiform or narrowly linear. Capitula discoid, narrowly campanulate, many in dense, terminal corymbs. Florets bright yellow. Pappus absent. Cypselae narrowly obovate, ribbed, crowned with thickened rim.
Shrub, up to 2 m high. Leaves sessile, pinnate, filiform. Heads narrowly cylindrical, 2-12-flowered, many in dense terminal compound corymbs. Flowers bright yellow.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.75 - 2.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light 7-9
Soil humidity 3-7
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-11

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) 1
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Distribution

Phymaspermum acerosum world distribution map, present in Lesotho, eSwatini, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:942531-1
WFO ID wfo-0000092870
COL ID 4HDKL
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Morysia acerosa Athanasia acerosa Athanasia acerosa Phymaspermum acerosum