Phymaspermum athanasioides (S.Moore) Källersjö

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Phymaspermum

Characteristics

Multistemmed, densely leafy shrub, 0.2-2.0 m high. Stems much-branched; branches erect, grey-pubescent; fascicles never present in leaf axils. Leaves alternate, spreading, 6.0 40.0 x 0.8-2.0 mm, linear to oblong, acute to mucronate, entire to trifid, involute, narrowed into petiole-like base, without secondary basal lobes, glabrous on both surfaces, leathery; basal swelling present, continuous with stem ribs; lobes 2-3, 0.5-10.0 x 0.5-1.0 mm, linear to oblong, acute to mucronate. Capitula disciform, heterogamous, terminal, many-headed ± 30, simple to compound corymbs, pedunculate; peduncles 4.0-35.0 mm long, glabrous to white tomentose. Involucre 4.0-8.0 x 3.5-8.0 mm, hemispherical, cyathiform to urceolate, sometimes tapering at the base; involucral bracts 4-or 6-seriate, with the peduncular bracts usually being the first two series, tightly arranged, margins and apices scarious, membranous apices of all bracts 0.3-1.2 mm long, glabrous to tomentose especially along the edges, brown margins absent, median resin canals present; outer bracts lanceolate, 2.0-3.0 mm long, acute; middle bracts deltoid to lanceolate, 2.2-4.2 mm long, acute; inner bracts deltoid to lanceolate, 2.2-4.3 mm long, acute to rounded; second inner bracts deltoid to lanceolate, 3.84.6 mm long, acuminate to rounded. Receptacle convex; paleae in marginal series, oblong to linear, 3.2-3.7 mm long, acute to attenuating, scarious. Filiform florets ± 20; corolla 2.3-3.0 mm long, with glandular trichomes, zygomorphic; adaxial lobes 2, 0.7-1.0 mm long, triangular, spreading, abaxial lamina 0.30.6 mm long, linear, 3-dentate. Disc florets ±100, without resin canals; corolla 2.2-3.0 mm long, with only glandular trichomes, yellow; tube 1.0-2.0 mm long; limb narrowly campanulate, 0.8-1.3 mm long (excluding lobes); lobes erect to spreading, 0.4-0.6 mm long, triangular. Anthers ± 3.0 mm long (including apical appendage); apical appendage rounded to oblong. Style 2.5-3.1 mm long (excluding branches); branches 0.4-0.7 mm long. Cypselas 2.1-2.2 x 0.5 mm, obovate, 10-to12-ribbed, apical rim thickened to membranous, entire to dentate, glandular trichomes present, sparse, scattered, not mucilaginous when soaked, discontinuous resin canals in ribs absent. Flowering time is throughout the year but especially in August, hence its vernacular name August Gold.
More
Shrub, up to 1.5 m high, densely leafy. Leaves alternate, sessile; blade linear, up to 40 mm long, margins mostly entire, sometimes pinnate in upper half. Heads discoid, campanulate, many-flowered, up to 10 mm in diameter, in terminal umbels. Involucral bracts in several rows, imbricate, outer bracts short, broad. Receptacle epaleate. Flowers: disc florets only; corolla 5-lobed, yellow; Aug.-Nov. Fruit with cypsela cylindric, ribbed, glandular. Pappus absent.
Shrub, up to 2 m high, densely leafy. Leaves alternate, sessile; blade linear, up to 50 mm long, margins mostly entire, sometimes pinnate in upper half, glabrous. Heads discoid, ± 5 mm in diameter, in terminal umbels. Involucral bracts 4-or 5-seriate, imbricate, outer bracts narrow, linear, glabrous. Receptacle epaleate. Flowers: disc florets only; corolla 5-lobed, yellow; Mar.-Dec. Fruit with cypsela cylindric, ribbed, glandular. Pappus absent.
Shrub, up to 1.5 m high. Leaves sessile, mostly entire, sometimes pinnate in upper half, linear, up to 40 mm long. Heads campanulate, many-flowered, up to 10 mm in diameter, in terminal umbels. Flowers yellow; June to December and in March.
Shrub, up to 2 m high. Leaves up to 50 mm long, sessile, mostly entire, linear, sometimes pinnate in upper half. Heads ± 5 mm in diameter, in terminal umbels, inner involucral bracts glabrous. Flowers yellow.
Shrub, up to 1.5 m high. Leaves up to 40 mm long, linear, mostly entire or sometimes trilobed at tips. Heads ± 5 mm in diameter, apices of inner involucral bracts lanate-pubescent. Flowers yellow.
Life form -
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.5 - 1.75
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Phymaspermum athanasioides world distribution map, present in eSwatini and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:942532-1
WFO ID wfo-0000006502
COL ID 4HDKR
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Phymaspermum athanasioides Pentzia athanasioides Brachymeris athanasioides