Picris hieracioides L.

Picride fausse épervière (fr), Picride épervière (fr), Herbe-aux-vermisseaux (fr), Picris fausse épervière (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Picris

Characteristics

Biennial to perennial. Stem erect, branched above, grooved, 30-80 cm tall, with sparse to dense spreading bristly hairs each bearing 2 recurved barbs at apex. Lvs with spreading bristles, each bristle with 2 recurved barbs at apex. Basal lvs linear-oblanceolate, subentire to bluntly dentate, acute or subacute, 5-15 × 0.5-2 cm, tapered to short narrowly winged petiole. Stem lvs similar, the uppermost sessile, linear, subauriculate. Capitula numerous. Involucre 8-11 mm long; outer bracts linear-lanceolate, narrowly acute at apex, with short crisped hairs, bristly on midrib, c. ⅔ length of inner bracts; inner bracts similar. Corolla yellow, c. 11/2× length of involucre. Achenes fusiform, transversely wrinkled, red-brown, glabrous; body 3.5-5.5 mm long; beak very short or 0. Pappus dirty white, 2-rowed, the outer ciliolate, the inner plumose.
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Biennial herb up to 1 m. tall; stem branched in inflorescential region, arising from stout taproot, ribbed, densely clad in stout bristles c. 2 mm. long, ∞ axis; the bristles shorter, finer and less dense on branches. Basal lvs up to 10 × 2 cm.; oblanceolate, cuneately narrowed to subamplexicaul base. Stem-lvs lanceolate-oblong, sessile by broad subamplexicaul base, diminishing to linear bracts of infl. Capitula few to many; sub-corymbosely arranged, on long hispid pedicels; 1-1·5 cm. long, 1 cm. diam. Outer phyll. 4-6 mm. long, linear, ± hispid, often bearing cottony wool. Inner phyll. erect, subequal, c. 8-10 mm. long, indumentum similar. Achenes 2.5-3 mm. long, narrow-oblong, compressed, abruptly narrowed to very short beak. Pappus-hairs unequal, up to 6 mm. long, slender, sparsely plumose with long slender hairs.
A stout, erect, hispid biennial or perennial herb, up to 2 m tall, stems irregularly branched above into a spreading corymb. Radical and lower stem leaves oblanceolate, narrowed below into a petiole-like base, up to 20 x 2 cm, upper stem leaves lanceolate, broad-based and clasping, all leaves coarsely toothed. Heads less than 1 cm across, solitary at the tips of the branches. Involucral bracts all alike in form, the outer shorter than the inner, linear-lanceolate with a median line of stout bristles. Flowers bright yellow. Achenes c. 4 mm long, cylindric, tapering slightly at both ends, longitudinally furrowed, transversely wrinkled. Pappus of slender plumose bristles, soon caducous.
Biennial or short-lived perennial 2–10 dm, with the aspect of Hieracium, spreading-hispid to subglabrous; lowest lvs oblanceolate, 7–30 cm (petiole included) × 0.5–5 cm, often deciduous, the others lanceolate or oblong, sessile and often clasping, reduced; heads several in a corymbiform infl; invol 8–15 mm, its bracts imbricate, less than 3 mm wide; achenes evidently rugulose, 3.5–6 mm, narrowed above but only very shortly and stoutly if at all beaked; pappus readily deciduous as a unit; 2n=10. Waste places; native of Eurasia, occasionally found in our range. July–Sept.
A herb. It can grow for 2 or for several years. It grows 60-90 cm tall. The leaves are divided or have large teeth. They are bristly on the veins underneath. The leaves near the base are fattened sword shaped and 7-20 cm long. They narrow at the base to a short leaf stalk. The leaves higher up clasp the stem. The flower is bright yellow. Possibly now Picris angustifolia
Life form
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.3
Mature height (meter) 0.9
Root system tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.5
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It grows in grassy habitats and scrub. In China it is on sandy soils between 200-3,600 m above sea level. In Sichuan and Yunnan.
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Grassland and waysides on calcareous soils.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 1-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-9
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-8

Usage

The root is used as a famine food. The leaves are used in vegetable soup. The fruit are eaten raw.
Uses medicinal
Edible fruits leaves roots
Therapeutic use Antipyretics (leaf), Fever (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Picris hieracioides habit picture by Gaël Covain (cc-by-sa)
Picris hieracioides habit picture by Jiří Vilím (cc-by-sa)
Picris hieracioides habit picture by Jean-Marie Frenoux (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Picris hieracioides leaf picture by Philippe Weber (cc-by-sa)
Picris hieracioides leaf picture by Zioivan Beirut (cc-by-sa)
Picris hieracioides leaf picture by Nat Nat (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Picris hieracioides flower picture by Philippe Weber (cc-by-sa)
Picris hieracioides flower picture by Christophe Chapuis (cc-by-sa)
Picris hieracioides flower picture by Josh Keddy (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Picris hieracioides fruit picture by Kai Best (cc-by-sa)
Picris hieracioides fruit picture by Cédric DUPERROY (cc-by-sa)
Picris hieracioides fruit picture by Gilles Istin (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Picris hieracioides world distribution map, present in Canada, France, New Zealand, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:237848-1
WFO ID wfo-0000085370
COL ID 4HQQ2
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 113474
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Picris hieracioides Picris japonica var. jessoensis Hieracium muricellum subsp. muricellum Picris japonica var. mayebarae Picris aspera