Pinus brutia Ten.

Turkish pine (en), Pin de Turquie au sens large (fr)

Species

Gymnosperms > Pinales > Pinaceae > Pinus

Characteristics

Tree to 25 m tall, with a dense, round crown. Bark purplish brown, persistent, broken into narrow flat plates and pale brown fissures. Resting buds ovoid, 8-10 mm long, pale brown, non-resinous, with fringed, apically reflexed, persistent scales. Leaves in bundles of 2, 10-15 cm long, finely toothed, with 6 or more external and medial resin canals, dull, grey-green; basal sheath 6-10 mm long. Female cones ovoid-conical, sessile or almost so, erect or spreading, not pendulous, symmetrical, 5-11 cm long, often persisting for 1-several years after maturity; scales obovate, not spinose. Seeds with a well-developed wing.
More
A pine tree. The leaves are longer and thicker than Pinus halepensis.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination anemogamy
Spread anemochory
Mature width (meter) 1.5
Mature height (meter) 25.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 1.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Relatively open conifer forests, sometimes in pure stands, open mixed woodland with other drought tolerant trees; at elevations from near sea level to 1,500 metres.
More
It is a temperate plant.
Light 6-8
Soil humidity 2-7
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

The resin is mixed with honey and eaten.
Uses dye environmental use material medicinal oil ornamental timber wood
Edible saps seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 60
Germination temperacture (C°) 12 - 18
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -15
Optimum temperature (C°) 22 - 33
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Pinus brutia leaf picture by Lefteris (cc-by-sa)
Pinus brutia leaf picture by Pavleta Murjeva (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Pinus brutia fruit picture by Irina Lubarsky (cc-by-sa)
Pinus brutia fruit picture by dr. (cc-by-sa)
Pinus brutia fruit picture by Lefteris (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Pinus brutia world distribution map, present in Australia, Colombia, France, Iraq, Pakistan, and Turkey

Conservation status

Pinus brutia threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:677009-1
WFO ID wfo-0000482336
COL ID 77KTL
BDTFX ID 78525
INPN ID 162292
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Pinus persica Pinus brutia Pinus brutia var. densifolia Pinus halepensis var. brutia Pinus brutia f. kruepericola Pinus halepensis subsp. brutia

Lower taxons

Pinus brutia var. pendulifolia Pinus brutia var. pityusa Pinus brutia var. eldarica Pinus brutia var. brutia