Trees to 35m; trunk to 0. diam., straight; crown irregularly rounded, rather thin. Bark dark brown, at maturity deeply furrowed, ridges becoming yellowish, of narrow, elongate, scaly plates. Branches straight to ascending; twigs stout (1-- thick), pale gray-brown, aging darker brown, rough. Buds ovoid-conic, to 2cm, resinous; scale margins pale fringed. Leaves 3(--5) per fascicle, spreading-ascending, often drooping, forming a brush at twig tips, persisting 2 years, (20--)25--4 ´ 2mm, dull green, all surfaces with fine stomatal lines, margins coarsely serrulate, apex conic-subulate; sheath 3--4cm, base persistent. Pollen cones cylindric, ca. 25mm, yellow to yellow-brown. Seed cones maturing in 2 years and shedding seeds soon thereafter, not persistent, terminal, sometimes curved, often asymmetric, lance-ovoid before opening, ovoid when open, 11--14cm, light dull brown, nearly sessile or short-stalked; apophyses rhombic, somewhat to quite elongate, strongly raised toward outer cone base, sometimes curved, strongly cross-keeled, narrowed to thick, curved, broadly triangular-based umbo, this often producing outcurved claw. Seeds obovoid; body ca. 8--9mm, dark brown; wing to 20mm. 2 n =24.
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An evergreen tree. It grows 35 m tall.
High and dry mountain ranges, valleys, and plateaux, growing in open pine and pine-oak woodland, sometimes in mixed pine forest; at elevations from 1,500-2,500 metres.
Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
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