Trees to 45 m tall; trunk to 1.5 m d.b.h.; bark red-brown toward apex of trunk, gray-or red-brown toward base, irregularly scaly and flaking; crown broadly pyramidal or umbrellalike; branchlets usually growing twice per year, yellowish brown, occasionally glaucous; winter buds brown, ovoid-cylindric or cylindric. Needles 2(or 3) per bundle, slightly twisted, 12-20 cm, stomatal lines present on all surfaces, resin canals 4-8, marginal, base with persistent sheath. Seed cones pendulous, shortly pedunculate, green, turning chestnut brown at maturity, ovoid, conical-ovoid, or ovoid-cylindric, 2.5-7 × 2.5-5 cm. Seed scales suboblong-obovoid or subsquare; apophyses rhombic, slightly swollen or flat, slightly transversely ridged; umbo flattened, slightly sunken, blunt or shortly mucronate in apical part of cone. Seeds narrowly ovoid, 4-6 mm; wing 1.6-2.1 cm. Pollination Apr-May, seed maturity Oct-Dec of 2nd year.
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A tree. It grows 15-20 m tall. The trunk is 80 cm across. There are 2 leaves together. They are 12-20 cm long. The seeds have a 2 cm long wing.
Mixed forests from moist river valleys to montane regions, often on poorer acidic soils of mountain slopes and ridges, also invading abandoned agricultural fields or growing in secondary vegetation in forest clearings; to elevations of 2,000 metres
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It is a tropical plant. In Yunnan.
Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
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