Pinus parviflora Siebold & Zucc.

Japanese five needle pine (en), Pin goyomatsu (fr)

Species

Gymnosperms > Pinales > Pinaceae > Pinus

Characteristics

Trees to 25 m tall; trunk to 1 m d.b.h.; bark pale gray, aging dull gray, smooth when young, furrowed with age into scaly plates; crown conical; 1st-year branchlets initially green, aging yellow-brown, densely pale yellow pubescent; winter buds ovoid, not resinous. Needles 5 per bundle, slightly curved, triangular in cross section, 3.5-5.5 cm × 0.7-0.9 mm, stomatal lines present along abaxial surfaces, white, vascular bundle 1, base with sheath shed. Seed cones subsessile, ovoid or ovoid-ellipsoid, 4-7.5 × 3.5-4.5 cm. Seed scales obovate-rhombic or oblong-obovate, 2-3 × 1.8-2 cm; apophyses pale brown or dull gray-brown, almost rhombic; umbo terminal, sunken, margin recurved distally. Seeds nearly brown, mottled with black, irregularly obovoid, 8-10 × ca. 7 mm; wing ca. 1 cm.
More
An evergreen tree. It grows 9-22 m tall and spreads 6-7.5 m wide. The trunk can be 1 m across. The crown is cone shaped but develops a flat top when mature. The bark is purple-brown and smooth. The branches often occur in layers. The leaves are needle-like and occur in groups of five. They are soft and bluish. They are slightly curved and have a blue-white stripe on the underside. The female flowers are pink or purple at the ends of the shoots. The male flowers are yellow or brown. They are clustered around the shoot. The cones are blue-green and oval. They are 4-7.5 cm long by 3.5-4.5 cm wide. The seeds are nearly brown and mottled with black. They are 8-10 mm long by 7 mm wide.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination anemogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 4.0 - 6.0
Mature height (meter) 15.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 1.3
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a warm temperate plant. It grows naturally on stony soils in mountains in Japan. It is frost hardy. It suits hardiness zones 4-9. Sunshine Victoria.
More
Sunny, rocky slopes and mountains; at elevations from 60-1,800 metres.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 2-7
Soil texture 3-6
Soil acidity 2-6
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-8

Usage

Uses afforestation dye environmental use material medicinal oil paper shelter wood
Edible nuts seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings, graftings or seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
Mode cuttings graftings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 60
Germination temperacture (C°) 8 - 11
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -25
Optimum temperature (C°) 23 - 30
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Pinus parviflora leaf picture by Kenneth Parker (cc-by-sa)
Pinus parviflora leaf picture by Kenneth Parker (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Pinus parviflora world distribution map, present in China and Japan

Conservation status

Pinus parviflora threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:263192-1
WFO ID wfo-0000481883
COL ID 77KTZ
BDTFX ID 80764
INPN ID 611609
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Pinus heterophylla Pinus himekomatsu Pinus parviflora f. glauca Pinus mayrii Strobus parviflora Pinus parviflora Pinus cembra var. japonica Pinus parviflora subsp. neoorbiculata Pinus pentaphylla var. himekomatsu

Lower taxons

Pinus parviflora var. pentaphylla Pinus parviflora var. parviflora