Pinus tabuliformis Carrière

Manchurian red pine (en), Pin de Chine (fr)

Species

Gymnosperms > Pinales > Pinaceae > Pinus

Characteristics

Trees to 25 m tall; trunk to over 1 m d.b.h.; bark grayish brown or dark gray, scaly; crown flat topped; 1st-year branchlets light grayish brown, light brown, or yellowish brown, thick, glabrous; winter buds oblong, slightly resinous. Needles 2(or 3) per bundle, dark green, semiorbicular in cross section, 6-15 cm × 1-1.5 mm, resin canals 5-9, marginal, rarely 1 or 2 median, base with persistent sheath initially 1-2 cm. Pollen cones 5-9 mm. Seed cones shortly pedunculate, initially green, turning yellowish brown to brown at maturity, ovoid to ovoid-globose, 2.5-9 × 4-9 cm, usually persistent for a few years. Seed scales suboblong-obovate, 1.6-2 × ca. 1.4 cm; apophyses swollen, broadly or irregularly rhombic, ridged or not, cross keeled; umbo protruding into a spine. Seeds pale brown, mottled, ovoid or narrowly so, 6-8 × 4-5 mm (1.5-1.8 cm including wing). Pollination Apr-May, seed maturity Oct of 2nd year.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination anemogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.5
Mature height (meter) 20.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 1.0
Root diameter (meter) 0.5
Flower color -
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Dry, sunny slopes and hills where competition from broad-leaved trees is less severe, also as a pioneer in secondary vegetation where it is commonly mixed with deciduous shrubs and trees; at elevations from 100-2,600 metres
Light 6-8
Soil humidity 2-7
Soil texture 3-6
Soil acidity 3-6
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-7

Usage

Uses dye essential oil fiber material medicinal timber wood
Edible seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 60
Germination temperacture (C°) 12 - 18
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -25
Optimum temperature (C°) 23 - 30
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Pinus tabuliformis leaf picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)
Pinus tabuliformis leaf picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)
Pinus tabuliformis leaf picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Pinus tabuliformis flower picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)
Pinus tabuliformis flower picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)
Pinus tabuliformis flower picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Pinus tabuliformis fruit picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Pinus tabuliformis world distribution map, present in China

Conservation status

Pinus tabuliformis threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:263356-1
WFO ID wfo-0000481637
COL ID 4J2J7
BDTFX ID 119786
INPN ID 717426
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Pinus sinensis Pinus tabuliformis f. jeholensis Pinus tabuliformis f. purpurea Pinus densiflora var. tabuliformis Pinus tabuliformis var. rubescens Pinus tabuliformis var. tokunagae Pinus tabuliformis var. bracteata Pinus tabuliformis var. tokunagai Pinus wilsonii Pinus tabuliformis

Lower taxons

Pinus tabuliformis var. mukdensis Pinus tabuliformis var. umbraculifera Pinus tabuliformis var. tabuliformis