Piper augustum Rudge

Species

Angiosperms > Piperales > Piperaceae > Piper

Characteristics

Shrub or treelet, to 2-4(-8) m tall, glabrous, except for ciliate leaf margin. Petiole 0.5-4 cm long, vaginate at base; blade glandular-dotted, elliptic-ovate to oblong-elliptic, 15-35 x (6-)9-15(-18) cm, margin ciliate, apex acute, base almost equal to unequally attached to petiole, acute or obtuse, occasionally truncate; pinnately veined, secondary veins 10-16 per side, strongly curved, originating from throughout primary vein. Inflorescence pendent, may be erect or horizontal at first; peduncle glandular-dotted, 1-2(-3) cm long, red to brown; spike 4-20 cm long, to 2.5 cm diam. (in vivo), (greenish) white or green with purple points, not or slightly apiculate; rachis glabrous, sometimes red; floral bracts densely marginally fringed. Fruits oblongoid, glabrous, may be somewhat papillose, to 4 mm long, 2 mm in diam., becoming stylose or mammiform at apex, stigmas obsolete.
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Shrub or treelet, to 2-4(-8) m tall, glabrous, except for ciliate leaf margin. Petiole 0.5-4 cm long, vaginate at base; blade glandular-dotted, elliptic-ovate to oblong-elliptic, 15-35 x (6-)9-15(-18) cm, margin ciliate, apex acute, base almost equal to unequally attached to petiole, acute or obtuse, occasionally truncate; pinnately veined, secondary veins 10-16 per side, strongly curved, originating from throughout primary vein. Inflorescence pendent, may be erect or horizontal at first; peduncle glandular-dotted, 1-2(-3) cm long, red to brown; spike 4-20 cm long, to 2.5 cm diam. (in vivo), (greenish) white or green with purple points, not or slightly apiculate; rachis glabrous, sometimes red; floral bracts densely marginally fringed. Fruits oblongoid, glabrous, may be somewhat papillose, to 4 mm long, 2 mm in diam., becoming stylose or mammiform at apex, stigmas obsolete.
A glabrous shrub, 2-3 m. tall, or small tree up to 8 m., branches somewhat nodose, with moderate internodes; leaves elliptic-ovate, 9-15 or 18 cm. wide X 15-35 cm. long, apex acute, base acute or obtusish, usually subequilateral, pinnately nerved throughout, the nerves 10-16 on each side, not strongly curved upward, densely ciliate, strongly glandular-dotted, drying membranous, translucent; petiole 5-10 mm. long or up to 4 cm. on lower leaves; spikes when young 3 mm. thick X 4-5 cm. long, becoming 1-1.5 cm. X 8-12 cm. when mature; peduncle 1-2 or 3 cm. long; bracts sublunate-triangular-subpeltate, marginally yellow-fringed; fruit oblong, compressed-angular, truncate; stigmas sessile.
Upper internodes sparsely to rather strongly puberulent or pubescent; leaves above from glabrous to rather strongly white-villous, puberulent to villous beneath, at least along the nerves.
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Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
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Mature height (meter) 2.0 - 4.0
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Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

Usage

Uses: Leaves have a spicy odour when crushed. In Amazonia Indians use stems as tooth brush. It was also used to prevent tooth decay (Davis & Yost, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 29(3): 182. 1983).
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Uses: Leaves have a spicy odour when crushed. In Amazonia Indians use stems as tooth brush. It was also used to prevent tooth decay (Davis & Yost, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 29(3): 182. 1983).
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Cultivation

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Images

Leaf

Piper augustum leaf picture by R. Tournebize (cc-by-sa)
Piper augustum leaf picture by R. Tournebize (cc-by-sa)
Piper augustum leaf picture by R. Tournebize (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Piper augustum world distribution map, present in Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Sudan, Suriname, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Conservation status

Piper augustum threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:680507-1
WFO ID wfo-0000479560
COL ID 4J39B
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 734572
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Piper delectans Piper augustum Piper ladrillense Piper bermudezense Piper ratisportanum Piper pedicellare Piper polyneurum Piper augustum var. cocleanum Piper gatunense var. cocleanum Piper gatunense var. latum Artanthe augusta Piper angustum var. magnifolium Piper augustum var. pubinerve