Piper hispidum Sw.

Jamaican pepper (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Piperales > Piperaceae > Piper

Characteristics

Shrub or subshrub, occasionally with scrambling branches, 2-3 m tall. Stem hirsute to glabrescent. Prophyll to 16 mm long, glabrous except pubescent on midvein. Petiole 0.5-1 cm long, hirsute; blade scabrous often on both surfaces, glandular-dotted, often greyish below, elliptic or elliptic-ovate, 11-23 x 4-11 cm, apex acuminate, base unequally attached to petiole difference 0.2-0.6 cm, obliquely rounded or cuneate with one side occasionally cordulate, lepidote-scabrid above, veins hirsute on both surfaces; pinnately veined, secondary veins 5-6 per side, originating from lower 1/2 of primary vein, tertiary veins transversely reticulate. Inflorescence erect; peduncle to 1 cm long, pubescent; spike 8-14 cm long, white, cream or pale green, not apiculate; floral bracts densely marginally fringed, 0.4-0.5 mm in diam., filaments with broadened connective and anthers dehiscing transversely (horizontally) apically. Infructescence grey or grey green; fruits oblongoid to rounded-trigonous, hirsute, stigmas 3, sessile.
More
Shrub or subshrub, occasionally with scrambling branches, 2-3 m tall. Stem hirsute to glabrescent. Prophyll to 16 mm long, glabrous except pubescent on midvein. Petiole 0.5-1 cm long, hirsute; blade scabrous often on both surfaces, glandular-dotted, often greyish below, elliptic or elliptic-ovate, 11-23 x 4-11 cm, apex acuminate, base unequally attached to petiole difference 0.2-0.6 cm, obliquely rounded or cuneate with one side occasionally cordulate, lepidote-scabrid above, veins hirsute on both surfaces; pinnately veined, secondary veins 5-6 per side, originating from lower 1/2 of primary vein, tertiary veins transversely reticulate. Inflorescence erect; peduncle to 1 cm long, pubescent; spike 8-14 cm long, white, cream or pale green, not apiculate; floral bracts densely marginally fringed, 0.4-0.5 mm in diam., filaments with broadened connective and anthers dehiscing transversely (horizontally) apically. Infructescence grey or grey green; fruits oblongoid to rounded-trigonous, hirsute, stigmas 3, sessile.
lower half, the nerves 5-6 on each side or 7 in some large leaves, with cross-connecting nervules, sometimes rugescent in age, lepi-dote-scabrous, more or less hirtellous or his-pid along the nerves above, the nerves beneath hispid-hirsute, commonly glandular-dotted, drying papery, translucent; petiole 5-10 plus 2-5 mm. long, hirtellous or hispid, vaginate at the base; spikes 3 mm. thick X 8-14 cm. long, mucronate; peduncle rather thick, scarcely 1 cm. long, hirtellous or hispid; bracts triangular-subpeltate, margin-ally fringed; fruit rather small, oblong-subpyramidal-trigonous, laterally compressed, papillate-puberulent at the truncate or de-pressed apex; stigmas small, sessile.
A shrub, up to 5-8 m. or more tall, rather nodose; flowering internodes mod-erately slender and rather short, hispid, sometimes glabrescent downward, hairs rigid, commonly more dense about the nodes, erect to reflexed, often of varying lengths; leaves elliptic or elliptic-ovate, 4-11 cm. wide X 11-20 or 25 cm. long, mostly 6-8 X 11-15 cm., apex acuminate, base obliquely inequilateral, one side 2-5 mm. shorter, mostly acute, the longer side usually rounded and obtuse, or in large leaves sometimes cordulate, pinnately nerved from the
A pepper shrub.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 2.0 - 3.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a tropical plant.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses material medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use Fever (unspecified), Malaria (unspecified), Pediculicide (unspecified), Lice (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Piper hispidum leaf picture by Daniel Henrique Marostegan Doro (cc-by-sa)
Piper hispidum leaf picture by joao ferreira (cc-by-sa)
Piper hispidum leaf picture by Ely Oliveira (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Piper hispidum flower picture by Senger Mario (cc-by-sa)
Piper hispidum flower picture by Juan Pablo Caminos (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Piper hispidum fruit picture by Laure Willhelm (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Piper hispidum world distribution map, present in Argentina, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Belize, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, French Guiana, Guyana, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Montserrat, Martinique, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Puerto Rico, Paraguay, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Conservation status

Piper hispidum threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:681674-1
WFO ID wfo-0000478980
COL ID 6VKXP
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 630430
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Piper casitense Piper cerro-puntoense Piper hirsutum Piper humoense Piper fraguanum Piper articulosum Piper aspericaule Piper adornatispicum Piper apertum Piper angremondii Piper platannanum Piper subasperatum Piper tenuiculispicum Piper scabriseptum Piper obsessum Piper perspicuibracteum Piper patulipilum Piper meritum Piper yoroanum Piper williamsii Artanthe aspera Artanthe asperifolia Artanthe controversa Artanthe olfersiana Artanthe opizii Artanthe scabra Piper asperum Piper rivi-vetusti Piper roseovenulosum Piper phaeophyllum Piper pilipedunculum Piper prodigum Piper scabrum Piper lancetillanum Piper imperspicuibracteum Piper konkintoense Piper pervicax Piper thebaudianum Piper trachydermum Steffensia asperifolia Artanthe hirsuta Artanthe hispida Artanthe kunthiana Artanthe obesa Piper chanekii Piper hispidiseptum Piper aegrum Piper amnigaudens Piper asperrimicaule Piper canescenticaule Piper glaberrimicaule Piper leucofustum Piper longegerminatum Piper masiseanum Steffensia opizii Piper silvioberrans Piper virgulticola Piper articulosum Piper sabanillanum Piper alluvicola Piper bayamonanum Piper sumideranum Piper maestranum Piper rivialbi Piper hispidum f. hispidum Piper cinereoramulum Piper obesum Piper paranapuranum Piper resatum Piper scabricaule Piper tardum Piper nonretrorsum Piper scabrilimbum Lindeniopiper williamsii Steffensia olfersiana Piper asperifolium Artanthe asperifolia f. surinamensis Piper hispidinervum Piper aguacalientis Piper scabrilimbum Steffensia scabra Piper fraguanum var. viride Piper apertum var. nodosum Piper scabriseptum var. reductum Artanthe scabra var. hirsuta Artanthe olfersiana Piper silvivagum var. peruvianum Piper hispidum var. ellipticifolium Piper hispidum var. hispidum Piper hispidum var. lanceolatum Piper hispidum var. magnifolium Piper hirsutum var. magnifolium Piper canescenticaule var. canescenticaule Piper hispidum var. trachydermum Piper speratum Piper canescenticaule var. expansum Piper hispidum var. obliquum Piper opizii Piper hirsutum var. fusco-punctulatum Piper hirsutum var. jamaicense Piper hirsutum var. olfersianum Piper hispidum var. albescens Piper hispidum var. plurinerve Piper scabrum var. kalacroixense Piper asperifolium Piper hispidum