Plants robust, usually forming pendent tufts; strong shoots 4-5 mm wide and up to 5-12 cm long, shortly pinnate or weakly bipinnate. Branches predominantly terminal, those with gynoecia short, the sterile branches longer. Leaves 1.5-2.6(-3.0) mm long from insertion to apex; weakly undulate, weakly toothed, longly decurrent, the dorsal leaf bases concealing the stem; ventral margin ± at right angles to the stem; apex broad, rounded; ventral leaf bases forming anerect crest, longly decurrent in a highly crisped wing, becoming laciniate at its base; dentition variable, but ventral margin and leaf apex typically with spiniform teeth, which end in 2-6 uniseriate elongate cells 25-30 µm long (sometimes spiniform teeth confined to the leaf apex and near base of ventral margin). Underleaves laciniate, relatively well developed, and numerous paraphyllia present on stems. Androecia intercalary on branches, or near the apices of long shoots. Gynoecia numerous, terminal on short branches (usually only 3-5 mm long), rarely subtended by innovations.
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