Polygonatum multiflorum (L.) All.

David’s-harp (en), Sceau de salomon multiflore (fr), Polygonate multiflore (fr), Sceau-de-Salomon multiflore (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Asparagaceae > Polygonatum

Characteristics

A small plant that keeps growing from year to year. The leaves are large and smooth and broadly oval. They are alternate and do not have a leaf stalk. The flowers are greenish-white and bell shaped. They hang down. They are in small bundles in the axils of the leaves. The fruit are small bluish-black berries.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread endozoochory
Mature width (meter) 0.1 - 0.5
Mature height (meter) 0.63 - 1.0
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It does best in light to medium well-drained soil. It needs a protected, shady position. It is resistant to frost but sensitive to drought. In the Indian Himalayas it grows between 1,200-1,400 m above sea level.
More
Woodland, usually on limestone.
Light 2-6
Soil humidity 2-7
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-8

Usage

The rhizomes are eaten. They can be used for starch. The young shoots are boiled and eaten like asparagus.
Uses environmental use material medicinal poison
Edible leaves rhizomes roots shoots
Therapeutic use Astringents (root), Demulcents (root), General tonic for rejuvenation (root), Astringent (unspecified), Diabetes (unspecified), Female (unspecified), Hemoptysis (unspecified), Piles (unspecified), Soap (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified), Bruise (unspecified), Demulcent (unspecified), Lung (unspecified), Tuberculosis (unspecified), Debility (unspecified), Inflammation (unspecified), Leucorrhea (unspecified), Poultice (unspecified), Anti-inflammatory agents (unspecified), Astringents (unspecified), Contusions (unspecified)
Human toxicity toxic (whole), toxic (fruit)
Animal toxicity toxic (whole), toxic (fruit)

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed or by division.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 545
Germination temperacture (C°) 10
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -30
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Polygonatum multiflorum habit picture by Krzysztof Golucki (cc-by-sa)
Polygonatum multiflorum habit picture by Martin Bishop (cc-by-sa)
Polygonatum multiflorum habit picture by Eva Set (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Polygonatum multiflorum leaf picture by Lucie Bobet (cc-by-sa)
Polygonatum multiflorum leaf picture by Tom Fisher (cc-by-sa)
Polygonatum multiflorum leaf picture by Thekla Mallonn (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Polygonatum multiflorum flower picture by Victor Scheijde (cc-by-sa)
Polygonatum multiflorum flower picture by Marjella Karmowski Depoilly (cc-by-sa)
Polygonatum multiflorum flower picture by Pascal Audureau (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Polygonatum multiflorum fruit picture by Bastien Zanette (cc-by-sa)
Polygonatum multiflorum fruit picture by Jacopo Pizzetti (cc-by-sa)
Polygonatum multiflorum fruit picture by Alexander Baransky (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Polygonatum multiflorum world distribution map, present in Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Belarus, Canada, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Pakistan, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Sweden, Turks and Caicos Islands, and Ukraine

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:540189-1
WFO ID wfo-0000716086
COL ID 6VTVC
BDTFX ID 51299
INPN ID 114611
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Polygonatum multiflorum f. bracteatum Polygonatum bracteatum Polygonatum intermedium Convallaria bracteata Convallaria govaniana Polygonatum multiflorum Polygonatum salomonis Convallaria ambigua Convallaria multiflora Polygonatum ambiguum Polygonatum multiflorum f. ramosum Convallaria multiflora var. ambigua Polygonatum multiflorum var. bracteatum Convallaria multiflora var. bracteata Polygonatum multiflorum var. latifolium Polygonatum multiflorum subsp. bracteatum Polygonatum multiflorum subsp. broteroi Convallaria multiflora var. ramosa Polygonatum multiflorum var. ramosum Convallaria multiflora var. major