Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce

Scented solomon’s-seal (en), Sceau de salomon odorant (fr), Polygonate officinal (fr), Sceau-de-Salomon odorant (fr), Sceau-de-Salomon officinal (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Asparagaceae > Polygonatum

Characteristics

Rhizome terete, 5--14 mm thick. Stem arching, 20--50(--100) cm, glabrous, angled. Leaves 7--12, alternate; petiole short; leaf blade abaxially glaucous, elliptic to ovate-oblong, 5--12(--20) × 3--6(--8) cm, often smooth, sometimes papillose-scabrous on veins, apex acuminate and obtuse tipped. Inflorescences 1--4(--8)-flowered; peduncle usually 1--1.5 cm; bracts small or absent. Flowers pendulous; pedicel 5--10(--20) mm. Perianth yellowish green to white, cylindric to campanulate-cylindric, 1.3--2(--2.5) cm; lobes ca. 3 mm. Filaments filiform, smooth or verruculose; anthers ca. 4 mm. Ovary 3--4 mm. Style 1--1.4 cm, included. Berries blue-black, 7--10(--12) mm in diam., 7--9-seeded. Fl. May--Jun, fr. Jul--Sep. 2 n = (18*), 20*, (21, 22*, 23, 26, 28, 29, 30, 40*).
More
A herb. It has rhizomes or underground stems. They are 5-14 mm thick. The stem arches over. It is 20-50 cm high. It is angled. There are 7-12 leaves which are alternate. The leaf stalk is short. The leaf blade is oval and 5-12 cm long by 3-6 cm wide. It tapers to the tip. The flowering stalk has 1-4 flowers. The flowers hang down. They are yellowish green. The fruit is a berry which is blue black. It is 7-10 mm across and has 7-9 seeds.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread endozoochory
Mature width (meter) 0.3 - 0.5
Mature height (meter) 0.78 - 0.88
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It grows in forests and shaded slopes between 500-3000 m altitude in N China. It suits hardiness zones 3-9. In Sichuan.
More
Limestone woods and rocky places.
Light 3-8
Soil humidity 2-7
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-8

Usage

The young shoots are parboiled then eaten like asparagus. They are also added to soups. The dried rhizomes are eaten raw or cooked. They are used in dishes and for bread.
Uses environmental use food medicinal
Edible leaves rhizomes roots shoots
Therapeutic use Bruise (unspecified), Diarrhea (unspecified), Freckle (unspecified), Gout (unspecified), Inflammation (unspecified), Rabies (unspecified)
Human toxicity toxic (whole), toxic (fruit)
Animal toxicity toxic (whole), toxic (fruit)

Cultivation

Plants are grown by division.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 545
Germination temperacture (C°) 10
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Polygonatum odoratum habit picture by Yoan MARTIN (cc-by-sa)
Polygonatum odoratum habit picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)
Polygonatum odoratum habit picture by Jean-Marie Frenoux (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Polygonatum odoratum leaf picture by Kesyna (cc-by-sa)
Polygonatum odoratum leaf picture by rene laurens (cc-by-sa)
Polygonatum odoratum leaf picture by He Laura (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Polygonatum odoratum flower picture by Mirka Mirka (cc-by-sa)
Polygonatum odoratum flower picture by Pavel Suchomel (cc-by-sa)
Polygonatum odoratum flower picture by Andreas Sturma (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Polygonatum odoratum fruit picture by Alexander Baransky (cc-by-sa)
Polygonatum odoratum fruit picture by Piotr Krupski (cc-by-sa)
Polygonatum odoratum fruit picture by Jorge (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Polygonatum odoratum world distribution map, present in Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Belarus, Switzerland, Chile, China, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Morocco, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Sweden, Ukraine, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:540195-1
WFO ID wfo-0000716063
COL ID 6VTVB
BDTFX ID 51306
INPN ID 114612
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Polygonatum polygonatum Polygonatum odoratum Polygonatum sigillum Convallaria rupestris Convallaria polygonata Polygonatum polygonatum Polygonatum uniflorum Polygonatum ambiguum Polygonatum angulosum Convallaria odorata Evallaria polygonata Convallaria polygonatum f. attenuata Polygonatum angulosum Polygonatum officinale var. ambiguum Polygonatum officinale var. papillosum

Lower taxons

Polygonatum odoratum var. pluriflorum Polygonatum odoratum var. thunbergii Polygonatum odoratum var. maximowiczii Polygonatum odoratum var. odoratum