Polystachya concreta (Jacq.) Garay & H.R.Sweet

Greater yellowspike orchid (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae > Polystachya

Characteristics

Plants epiphytic or epilithic, to 600 mm tall; pseudobulbs narrowly conical, enclosed by leaf sheaths, 20-40 x 10-15 mm; leaves 3-5, narrowly elliptic, rounded to subacute, veins prominent, 80-210 x 25-50 mm. Inflorescences branched, 40-500 mm tall, usually much taller than the leaves, branches 30-60 mm long, distant, densely many-flowered; peduncle sparsely pubescent, covered in papyraceous sheaths; bracts narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, 3-5 mm long. Flowers variable from creamy yellow to pale green, pink or dull red, lip white with a pink midlobe. Sepals acute, apiculate; median narrowly triangular, 3.5-4 x 2 mm; laterals obliquely ovate, 4.5-5.5 x 4-4.5 mm. Petªals lorate to spathulate, rounded, 3-3.5 x 0.8-1 mm. Lip clawed, 3-lobed, 4.5-5 x 4-5 mm long, disk usually densely puberulous, callus a longituªdinal ridge, tapering towards the base; midlobe suborbiculate, rounded, apiculate, reflexed, marªgins crenate, 1.5 mm long; side lobes falcate, subacute, 1.5 mm long; mentum conical, 3 mm long. Gynostemium 1.5 mm tall. Capsules fusiªform, 10 x 5 mm.
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Plants 10-29 cm tall. Pseudobulbs usually slightly compressed, ovoid to conic, 1-2 × 0.5-1.5 cm, with 2 or 3 nodes. Leaves 3-5, narrowly oblong or narrowly ovate-lanceolate, 7-18 × 1.2-3.4 cm, base narrowed into a petiole and then decurrent into a sheath, apex obtuse or unequally shallowly 2-lobed. Inflorescence terminal, 3-10 cm, usually 1-4-branched; rachis ± narrowly winged, racemose, branches 1-2 cm, 3-8-flowered; floral bracts narrowly lanceolate to nearly subulate, 2-5 mm. Flowers pale yellow, small; pedicel and ovary 8-12 mm. Dorsal sepal subovate, 3.5-4 × 1.5-2 mm, obtuse; lateral sepals broadly ovate-triangular, ca. 4 mm wide at base. Petals linear-oblanceolate or subcuneate, 2.5-3 × ca. 0.5 mm; lip 3.5-4 mm, base contracted into a short claw, 3-lobed; lateral lobes incurved, ovate-oblong to narrowly oblong, small; mid-lobe orbicular, margin undulate and irregularly erose, apex emarginate, with a thickened central part. Column ca. 1 mm, foot short. Capsule ellipsoid, 1.2-1.4 cm × 5-6 mm. Fl. and fr. Aug-Sep.
Plants cespitose. Roots numerous, 2–3 mm diam. Stems thickened at base, hidden by leaf sheaths, composed of several internodes, to 4 cm. Leaves 2–4; blade thin, narrowly oblong to elliptic, 3.5–20 × 1.1–3 cm, apex mostly acute. Inflorescences usually paniculate racemes, simple racemes in small plants; peduncle compressed; floral bracts spreading to reflexed, 1–2 mm. Flowers yellow or pale green with white lip; dorsal sepal ovate-elliptic, 2.5–4 × 1.5–2.5 mm; lateral sepals triangular, 2.5–5 mm; petals oblanceolate, rounded, 2–3 × 1 mm; lip 3-lobed, 3–5 mm, middle lobe quadrangular to oblong, lateral lobes falcate; disc with linear, densely farinose callus (pseudopollen); column cylindric, short; column foot 2–3 mm; pedicellate ovary to 7 mm. Capsules brown at maturity, ellipsoid, 6–12 mm.
Plants epiphytic or epilithic, up to 0.6 m high. Pseudobulbs narrowly conical, enclosed by leaf sheaths, 20-40 x 10-15 mm. Leaves 3-5, narrowly elliptic, rounded, veins prominent, 80-110 x 25-50 mm. Inflorescence branched, 40-500 mm high, branches up to 30-60 mm long, densely many-flowered. Flowers creamy yellow to pink. Sepals acute, apiculate; median sepal narrowly triangulate, 3.5-4.0 x 2 mm; lateral sepals obliquely ovate, 4.5-5.5 x 4.0-4.5 mm. Petals lorate to spathulate, rounded, 3.0-3.5 x 0.8-1.0 mm. Lip 3-lobed, clawed, 4.5-5.0 x 4-5 mm, callus a longitudinal ridge, midlobe suborbicular, apiculate, reflexed, margins crenate, 1.5 mm long, side lobes falcate, 1.5 mm long; mentum conical, 3 mm long. Flowering time Oct.-Jan.
Epiphyte, up to 450 mm tall. Petals up to 3 mm long and 1 mm wide. Lip 3-lobed, with a mealy surface in centre of midlobe. Flowers small, 2-6 mm from tip of mentum to apex of lip, yellowish green or dull pink.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.28 - 0.37
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses environmental use medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Polystachya concreta leaf picture by Hugo SANTACREU (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Polystachya concreta flower picture by dominoel dominoel (cc-by-sa)
Polystachya concreta flower picture by dominoel dominoel (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Polystachya concreta world distribution map, present in Angola, Andorra, Burkina Faso, Bahamas, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Central African Republic, China, Congo, Comoros, Cuba, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Ecuador, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Indonesia, Jamaica, Kenya, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Liberia, Moldova (Republic of), Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Nigeria, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Réunion, Rwanda, Sudan, Sierra Leone, Suriname, eSwatini, Seychelles, Togo, Thailand, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:654273-1
WFO ID wfo-0000280313
COL ID 4LM8B
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 631071
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Maxillaria luteola Polystachya buchananii Polystachya caquetana Polystachya colombiana Polystachya cubensis Polystachya gracilis Polystachya latifolia Polystachya mauritiana Polystachya penangensis Polystachya praealta Polystachya purpurea Polystachya reichenbachiana Polystachya siamensis Polystachya singapurensis Polystachya tessellata Polystachya tricruris Polystachya tricuspidata Polystachya concreta Polystachya extinctoria Polystachya hypocrita Polystachya jussieuana Polystachya lehmbachiana Polystachya lepidantha Polystachya lettowiana Polystachya luteola Polystachya pleistantha Polystachya rufinula Polystachya zanguebarica Polystachya zeylanica Polystachya zollingeri Polystachya minuta Polystachya minuta Callista flavescens Cranichis luteola Dendrobium flavescens Dendrobium parvum Dendrorkis extinctoria Dendrorkis jussieuana Dendrorkis minuta Dendrorkis polystachyon Dendrorkis purpurea Dendrorkis rufinula Dendrorkis tessellata Dendrorkis zollingeri Epidendrum concretum Epidendrum minutum Dendrobium polystachyum Dendrobium polystachyum Dendrorchis jussieuana Dendrorchis estrellensis Dendrorchis extinctoria Dendrorchis minuta Dendrorchis rufinula Dendrorchis shirensis Dendrorchis similus Dendrorchis tessellata Dendrorchis wightii Dendrorchis zollingeri Maxillaria purpurea Polystachya dagremondiana Dendrobium polystachys Dendrorchis polystachyon Dendrorchis purpurea Onychium flavescens Polystachya flavescens Dendrobium polystachyon Polystachya purpurea var. lutescens Polystachya mauritiana var. anceps Polystachya tessellata var. tricruris Polystachya luteola var. paniculata Polystachya luteola var. exsanguis Polystachya luteola var. tincta Polystachya luteola var. racemifera Polystachya kraenzliniana Polystachya kraenzliana