Polystachya cultriformis Lindl. ex Spreng.

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae > Polystachya

Characteristics

A glabrous epiphytic or lithophytic plant, 6–24.5 cm. tall.. Pseudobulbs from a short creeping rhizome, loosely clustered, narrowly cylindric to conical, 1.4–18 cm. long, 0.2–1.2 cm. in diameter, clothed in 1–6 membranous basal sheaths.. Leaf obovate, ovate or elliptic, acute, to obtuse, auriculate at the base, 3.2–36 cm. long, 1.2–5.5 cm. broad, coriaceous, articulated 2–6 mm. above the apex of the pseudobulb, Inflorescence usually longer than the leaf, paniculate or rarely racemose, 4.4–29 cm. long, bearing up to 50 flowers successively; peduncle slender to stout, 3.2–21.5 cm. long; basal sheath membranous; bracts ovate-triangular, acuminate, amplexicaul, 2.5–4.5 mm. long.. Flowers very variable in colour and size, white, yellow, green, pink or purple, ± yellow at the base of the lip.. Dorsal sepal ovate-triangular, apiculate, 4–8 mm. long, 2–4.5 mm. broad; lateral sepals obliquely triangular, apiculate, 5–8 mm. long, 3–6 mm. broad; mentum conical, up to 7 mm. high.. Petals linear to spathulate, acute or obtuse, 3.5–7.5 mm. long, 1–2.5 mm. broad.. Lip strongly recurved, ± shortly clawed, distinctly 3-lobed in the apical half, 4–7.8 mm. long, 3–6 mm. broad; side lobes porrect, rounded in front; mid-lobe oblong-quadrate, shortly apiculate, 1.2–4.5 mm. long, 1.5–3.5 mm. broad; callus fleshy, ± central.. Column semiterete, 0.5–3.5 mm. long; foot 1.5–6.5 mm. long; pollinia ellipsoid-globose.
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Plants to 300 mm tall; pseudobulbs adjacent, cylindrical to conical, with several caducous membranous sheaths, 40-100 x 4-6 mm; leaf solitary, lorate to narrowly oblanceolate, auriculate, acute to obtuse, margins sometimes wavy, 120-200 x 15-25 mm. Inflorescences shorter or longer than the leaf, paniculate or rarely simple, 30-80 mm long; bracts amplexicaul, acute, 3 mm long. Flowers variable in size, colour from white to yellow, green, pink or purple. Sepals unequal, acute; median narrowly ovate, 5-6 x 2-3 mm; laterals obliquely ovate, 6-7 x 4 mm. Petals spathulate, acute, 4-5 x 1-1.5 mm. Lip 3-lobed, 5 mm long, disc with a knob-like callus; midlobe acute, 2-2.5 x 1.5 mm, reflexed; side lobes rounded, porrect, 1-1.5 mm tall; mentum 3 mm long. Gynostemium stout, 1.5 mm tall. Capsules cylindrical, slightly curved, 20 x 7 mm.
Dorsal sepal 4–8 × 2–4.5 mm, ovate, acute; lateral sepals 5–8 × 3–6 mm, obliquely triangular, apiculate, slightly keeled on the outside, forming with the column foot a conical mentum up to 7 mm high.
Epiphyte. Pseudobulbs or stems bearing 1 leaf. Leaf elliptic, 140-200 x 20-30 mm. Lip 3-lobed with a cushion-like outgrowth in centre of midlobe. Flowers yellowish green, white or pink.
Leaf 3–21(36) × 1.2–5.5 cm, ovate, obovate or elliptic, acute or apiculate, often undulate on the margin, auriculate at base, articulated 2–6 mm above the apex of the pseudobulb.
Lip 4–7.8 × 3–6 mm, recurved, 3-lobed in the apical half, with a yellowish, fleshy central callus; mid-lobe c. 3 × 2 mm, subquadrate, apiculate; side lobes porrect, rounded.
Flowers white or yellow-green (outside the Flora Zambesiaca area they may be pink or purple).Pedicel and ovary 6 mm long; bracts 2.5–5 mm long, ovate-triangular, acuminate.
Inflorescence (floral axis) usually longer than the leaf, erect or arching, 5–30 cm long, usually branched, densely many-flowered.
Pseudobulbs 1.5–18 cm tall, 0.3–1.2 cm wide at base, conical or cylindrical, covered with membranous sheaths when young, 1-leafed.
Glabrous epiphytic rarely lithophytic herb, forming clumps.
Petals 3.5–7.5 × 1–2.5 mm, linear to oblanceolate.
Column 0.5–3.5 mm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support epiphyte
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.04 - 0.21
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses material medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Polystachya cultriformis flower picture by Sara Demianoff (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Polystachya cultriformis world distribution map, present in Burkina Faso, Comoros, Ethiopia, Gabon, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Réunion, Rwanda, Sudan, eSwatini, Seychelles, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, South Africa, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:654287-1
WFO ID wfo-0000280330
COL ID 4LM8H
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 709568
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Polystachya appendiculata Polystachya coelogynochila Polystachya cultrata Polystachya cultriformis Polystachya gerrardii Polystachya kirkii Dendrorkis appendiculata Polystachya lujae Dendrorchis appendiculata Dendrobium cultriforme Polystachya cultriformis var. africana Polystachya cultriformis var. autogama Polystachya cultriformis var. humblotii Polystachya cultriformis var. nana Polystachya cultriformis var. alba Polystachya cultriformis var. erubescens Polystachya cultriformis var. occidentalis