Potentilla recta L.

Sulphur cinquefoil (en), Potentille droite (fr), Potentille dressée (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Rosaceae > Potentilla

Characteristics

Herbs perennial. Roots terete. Flowering stems erect, 30–40 cm tall, together with petioles white villous, rarely glabrescent. Radical leaves usually withered at anthesis; stipules tinged brown, membranous, margin white villous; leaf blade palmately 5-foliolate; cauline leaves: stipules green, herbaceous, abaxially appressed villous, margin entire, apex acuminate; petiole gradually shorter higher up stem, almost absent on uppermost leaves; leaf blade 5–7-foliolate; leaflets obovate-lanceolate, 2–5 × 0.5–1.5 cm, abaxially white villous, more densely so on veins, adaxially appressed white villous or glabrescent, base cuneate, margin acutely or obtusely incised serrate, apex obtuse. Inflorescence terminal, compact, corymbose-cymose. Flowers ca. 1.5 cm in diam.; pedicel 0.5–1 cm, white villous and white pubescent. Sepals ovate-oblong, apex acuminate; epicalyx segments lanceolate, nearly equaling sepals, abaxially white villous, apex acuminate. Petals yellow, obovate-elliptic, nearly equaling sepals, apex emarginate or subrounded. Style slightly thickened at base; stigma not dilated. Achenes rugose. Fl. and fr. Jul–Aug.
More
Erect, somewhat stout perennial herb up to 60-(80) cm tall at flowering; stems green or reddish, clothed with short and long pilose hairs and glands. Lvs mostly cauline, those of the lower ⅓ often withering by anthesis; petiole up to 130 mm long, pilose and glandular; blade orbicular, palmate; leaflets (5)-7, oblong-obovate to linear-lanceolate, sessile, (15)-25-65-(110) × 5-15-(25) mm, sparsely to moderately covered in pilose and short hairs on both surfaces or with only short hairs on upper; margins deeply serrate or occasionally almost pinnatisect, with 8-12-(17) pairs of teeth on terminal leaflet; stipules long-triangular, acute, with up to 3 teeth; upper lvs reduced with fewer narrower leaflets, finally ± sessile. Fls 5-merous, many in lax, terminal cymes. Epicalyx segments linear-lanceolate, acute, entire. Sepals ± narrow-ovate, c. 4-6 mm long, pilose with longer hairs scattered among shorter hairs, c. = epicalyx segments, connate at base. Petals obovate, (5)-7-10-(12) mm long, pale yellow, deeply emarginate. Styles filiform. Achenes reticulate, narrowly winged, c. 1.2-1.8 mm long.
Perennial; stems erect, 4-8 dm, simple to the infl, pubescent; lvs palmately compound, the lower long-petioled, with 5-7 lfls, the upper smaller, with shorter or no petiole and only 3 lfls; lfls radially divergent, narrowly oblanceolate, deeply toothed; infl flattened, with many fls; sep and bractlets lance-ovate, subequal; pet sulphur-yellow, 1 cm; anthers 1.0-1.5 mm; style terminal; achenes striate with low curved ridges; 2n=42. Native of Europe, found as a frequent weed in dry soil and waste places throughout our range. June-Aug. (P. sulphurea)
Cauline leaves: petiole (3–)4–8 cm, long hairs common, 2–4 mm, short hairs common to abundant; leaflets 5–7, 1.5–10 × 0.5–3.5 cm, long hairs common, 0.5–2 mm abaxially, 1 mm and stiffly appressed adaxially, short hairs common on primary veins abaxially, glands sparse to common abaxially. Flowers: epicalyx bractlets narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate, 5–12 × 1–2 mm; sepals 4–10(–12) mm, apex acute to acuminate; petals (4–)7–10(–13) × 7–10 mm; filaments 0.5–2.8 mm, anthers 0.8–1.2 mm; carpels 80–140. Achenes 1.2–1.8 mm. 2n = 28, 42 (Eurasia).
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread anemochory barochory
Mature width (meter) 0.2 - 0.5
Mature height (meter) 0.3 - 0.55
Root system rhizome tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.1
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

More or less naturalized in waste or grassy places in Britain.
Light 6-9
Soil humidity 3-6
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-7

Usage

Uses dye medicinal
Edible fruits rhizomes roots
Therapeutic use Dermatological Aid (leaf), Internal Medicine (leaf), Astringent (unspecified), Intestine (unspecified), Stomachic (unspecified), Cancer (unspecified), Catarrh (unspecified), Piles (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by divisions or seedlings.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 14 - 30
Germination temperacture (C°) 18 - 20
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -35
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Potentilla recta habit picture by Frank Leman (cc-by-sa)
Potentilla recta habit picture by Petr Smetana (cc-by-sa)
Potentilla recta habit picture by bryan brunet (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Potentilla recta leaf picture by K. Svabek (cc-by-sa)
Potentilla recta leaf picture by Joelle Laurent (cc-by-sa)
Potentilla recta leaf picture by Marcelo Crisistelli (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Potentilla recta flower picture by vvitjuk (cc-by-sa)
Potentilla recta flower picture by Eliot cohen (cc-by-sa)
Potentilla recta flower picture by Yvonne Piller (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Potentilla recta fruit picture by Isabelle G (cc-by-sa)
Potentilla recta fruit picture by Else Nolden (cc-by-sa)
Potentilla recta fruit picture by k sch (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Potentilla recta world distribution map, present in Canada, China, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, New Zealand, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:209483-2
WFO ID wfo-0000983388
COL ID 4M5WP
BDTFX ID 52814
INPN ID 115620
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Potentilla sulfurea Potentilla leucotricha Potentilla recta Potentilla herbichii Potentilla semilaciniosa Potentilla sulphurea Potentilla acutifolia Potentilla pallens Fragaria recta Potentilla pseudopilosa Potentilla pseudopallida Potentilla x honoratae Potentilla cardiopetala Potentilla tuberosa Potentilla x nicolitiela Potentilla transcaspia Potentilla erecta Potentilla crassa Pentaphyllum rectum Potentilla sulphurea f. perglandulosa Potentilla varnensis Potentilla tenuirugis Potentilla tuberosa Potentilla velenovskyi Hypargyrium rectum Potentilla pallida Potentilla recta var. sulphurea Potentilla recta subsp. tuberosa Potentilla recta var. obscura Potentilla hirta var. recta Potentilla recta var. pilosa Potentilla recta var. sulphurea Potentilla recta var. varnensis Potentilla hirta var. pallida Potentilla hirta var. rubens Potentilla hirta subsp. recta Potentilla recta subsp. sulphurea Potentilla hirta var. zlatiborensis Potentilla recta subsp. recta Potentilla hirta var. nicolitiela Potentilla recta var. semilaciniosa Potentilla recta subsp. afra

Lower taxons

Potentilla recta subsp. leucotricha Potentilla recta subsp. laciniosa Potentilla recta subsp. obscura Potentilla recta subsp. pilosa Potentilla recta subsp. crassa