Premna senensis Klotzsch

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Lamiaceae > Premna

Characteristics

Several-stemmed much-branched shrub 2–5 m. tall or a small tree, rarely scandent; bark grey with scattered pale lenticels, sometimes peeling in small flakes; stems usually dark grey-brown or purplish but sometimes pale, at first with spreading fawn pubescence, soon glabrous and ridged.. Leaves very variable, ± thin, smelly, often in whorls of 3; blades oblong or ovate, 2–8.5(–12) cm. long, 1.3–5.5(–10) cm. wide, usually distinctly acuminate (sometimes very long-acuminate) at the apex but occasionally rounded, truncate then shortly cuneate at the base or subcordate, entire or obscurely to distinctly coarsely crenate, distinctly toothed or even lacerate on some parts of the margin, sparsely to densely velvety pubescent on both sides and with very obscure gland dots, sometimes almost glabrous; petiole 0.5–3.5 cm. long.. Inflorescences mostly small on short lateral shoots, 1–6 cm. wide; peduncles slender, 0–1(–3) cm. long; pedicels 0.5–1.5 mm. long; axes densely shortly spreading pubescent or with dense longer pubescence and scattered white glands; bracts oblanceolate or ± linear, 2–4 mm. long.. Calyx cupular, ciliate but otherwise glabrous to densely white pubescent all over, glandular; tube 1.5 mm. long; lobes triangular or rounded, (0.5–)1–1.5(–3 in fruit) mm. long.. Corolla white, glabrous or sparsely hairy on outside of lobes; tube 3–3.5 mm. long; limb 2-lipped, 3-and 2-lobed, the lobes elliptic-oblong, 3 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide; throat and lower part of lobes inside densely white pubescent.. Ovary glandular above; style 5 mm. long.. Fruit black or violet, globose, 3.5–6 mm. in diameter, sitting in a ribbed distinctly lobed or almost entire cup usually covered with small glands; pyrene rugose.
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Leaves opposite, sometimes 3-whorled, very variable in size and shape, thin, aromatic, petiolate; blade 1.8–12.5 × 1.4–11.5 cm, ovate, oblong or obovate to suborbicular, rounded or distinctly acuminate at the apex, rounded-truncate to somewhat cuneate at the base, entire, undulate or crenate or irregularly dentate at the upper half, membranous (soft on drying), light or pale green on both surfaces or cinereous beneath, sparsely to densely velvety pubescent on both surfaces, very densely so when young, the indumentum denser on the lower surface mainly on the nerves; petiole 1–6 cm long, often up to half as long as the blade, slender (sometimes nearly filiform), densely pubescent.
Corolla usually white or whitish, smelling when crushed, (3.5)5–6 mm long, sub-2-lipped; tube c. 3.5 mm long (c. twice as long as the calyx), glabrous outside, lanate-villous inside near the throat; upper lip entire or emarginate, the lower one 3-lobed, the lobes oblong, obtuse, the median lobe the largest, 2–2.5 × 1.25–2 mm.
Inflorescences of small open corymbs, mostly terminal on short lateral shoots, 2–6 × 2.5–8.5 cm, with slender often nearly filiform branches, pubescent; peduncles 1–3 cm long, pubescent; pedicels up to 2.5 mm long, usually shorter than the calyx; bracts linear or subulate.
A lax, spreading or scandent, much branched shrub 2–5 m high or a weakly erect 1–3-stemmed tree to 6 m tall;bark pale to dark brown or grey, smooth, finely longitudinally fissured, peeling in filiform strips; indumentum spreading pilose of simple or multicellular hairs.
Older branches glabrescent, scattered lenticellate; lateral shoots abbreviated, divaricate on the long branches of previous season, slender, densely pubescent; nodes prominent.
Fruit dark blue or blackish-purple when mature, 5–8 × 4–8 mm, subglobose; fruiting calyx c. 5 mm in diameter, cup-shaped, 4-lobed.
Stamens subequal, exserted, slightly exceeding the corolla lobes; filaments c. 3.5 mm long; anthers c. 0.4 mm long, purple-brown.
Calyx 1.5–2 × 2 mm, cup-shaped, distinctly to obsoletely 4-lobed, the lobes obtuse, white pubescent, glandular.
Style c. 5 mm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 2.0 - 5.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses fuel
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Premna senensis world distribution map, present in Burkina Faso, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Kenya, Mozambique, Somalia, Tanzania, United Republic of, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Premna senensis threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:864421-1
WFO ID wfo-0000282836
COL ID 6VX4J
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Premna senensis Ehretia tetrandra Gumira senensis