Psychotria pumila Hiern

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Rubiaceae > Psychotria

Characteristics

Subshrub, with erect shoots (2–)5–30 cm. tall from ± horizontal underground stems, or shrub 1–5 m. tall; stems shortly densely pubescent, glabrescent or glabrous, older ones longitudinally ridged.. Leaf-blades narrowly elliptic to elliptic or sometimes ovate or obovate to oblanceolate, 2–14 cm. long, 0.5–5 cm. wide, rounded to acute or rarely acuminate at the apex, narrowly to rather broadly cuneate at the base, usually markedly discolorous, the under surface pale or quite whitish, glabrous or finely puberulous to pubescent above, glabrous or with nerves or less often whole surface pubescent beneath, the surfaces often with a minute honeycomb reticulation in the dry state; domatia absent; nodules absent or almost obsolete or rarely dispersed in the lamina; petiole 0.1–1 cm. long, glabrous or shortly pubescent; stipules prominently bilobed, the base ovate, 2.5–5 mm. long, the lobes acuminate, 1.5–4 mm. long, the base somewhat persistent.. Flowers heterostylous, 5-merous, in few-many-flowered condensed subumbelliform cymes 1–1.5 cm. in diameter; peduncles 0.5–6.5 cm. long, glabrous or puberulous; pedicels 1–5(–7) mm. long, ± glabrous; bracts obsolete.. Calyx turbinate, 1 mm. long, glabrous or slightly pubescent; limb cupuliform, glabrous or ± pubescent, 1–2 mm. long, the lobes unequal, usually short, subtriangular or ovate, up to 0.3 mm. long or practically obsolete.. Corolla white, glabrous outside; tube (2.5–)5–6.5 mm. long; lobes oblong-lanceolate, (2.5–)3–4.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, usually slightly appendaged at the apex.. Stamens with filaments 2.5–3 mm. long in short-styled flowers, 0.2 mm. long in long-styled flowers.. Style 3–4.5 mm. long in short-styled flowers, 6–7 mm. long in long-styled flowers; stigma-lobes 0.5–1.5 mm. long.. Drupes green turning yellow, orange and finally becoming bright red, with 2 pyrenes, subglobose, 5–6 mm. in diameter, glabrous, crowned with the persistent calyx-limb; pyrenes pale, semi-ellipsoid, 4.2 mm. long, 3.6 mm. wide, 2 mm. thick, ± 6-ribbed dorsally, ventrally flat, all surfaces rhaphide-packed.. Seeds dark red, semi-ellipsoid or semiglobose, 3.5 mm. long, 3.5 mm. wide, 2 mm. thick, with a V-shaped median fissure on the ventral face; albumen not ruminate.
More
Leaf blades 2–14 x 0.5–5.8 cm., narrowly elliptic to elliptic or sometimes ovate or obovate to oblanceolate, rounded to acute or rarely acuminate at the apex, narrowly to rather broadly cuneate at the base, usually markedly discolorous, the undersurface pale or quite whitish, glabrous or finely puberulous to pubescent above, glabrous or with nerves or less often whole surface pubescent beneath, the surfaces often with a minute honeycomb reticulation in the dry state; domatia absent; nodules absent or almost obsolete or rarely dispersed in the lamina; petiole 0.1–1 cm. long, glabrous or shortly pubescent; stipules prominently bilobed, the base 2.5–5 mm. long, ovate, the lobes 1.5–4 mm. long, acuminate, the base somewhat persistent.
Flowers heterostylous, 5-merous, in few-many-flowered condensed subumbelliform cymes 1–1.5 cm. in diam., rarely inflorescence branched with a lower whorl of 3 additional cymes; peduncles 0.5–6.5 cm. long, glabrous or puberulous; pedicels 1–5(7) mm. long, ± glabrous; bracts obsolete.
Drupes green turning yellow, orange and finally becoming bright red, with 2 pyrenes, 5–6 mm. in diam., subglobose, glabrous, crowned with the persistent calyx limb; pyrenes pale, 4.2 x 3.6 x 2 mm., semi-ellipsoid, ± 6-ribbed dorsally, ventrally flat, all surfaces rhaphide-packed.
Subshrub, with erect shoots (2)5–30 cm. tall (rarely taller in intermediates) from ± horizontal underground stems, or shrub 1–5 m. tall; stems shortly densely pubescent, glabrescent or glabrous, older ones longitudinally ridged.
Calyx 1 mm. long, turbinate, glabrous or slightly pubescent; limb 1–2 mm long, cupuliform, glabrous or ± pubescent, the lobes unequal, usually short, subtriangular or ovate, up to 0.3 mm. long or practically obsolete.
Corolla white, glabrous outside; tube (2.5)5–6.5 mm long; lobes (2.5)3–5 x ± 1 mm. oblong-lanceolate, usually slightly appendaged at the apex.
Seeds dark red, 3.5 x 3.5 x 2 mm., semi-ellipsoid or semi-globose, with a V-shaped median fissure on the ventral face; albumen not ruminate.
Style 3–4.5 mm. long in short-styled flowers, 6–7(10) mm. long in long-styled flowers; stigma lobes 0.5–1.5 mm. long.
Stamens with filaments 2.5–3 mm. long in short-styled flowers, 0.2 mm. long in long-styled flowers.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.05 - 0.3
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Psychotria pumila world distribution map, present in Mozambique, Tanzania, United Republic of, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:763139-1
WFO ID wfo-0000287261
COL ID 4PQ8W
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Uragoga pumila Psychotria pumila

Lower taxons

Psychotria pumila var. buzica Psychotria pumila var. leuconeura Psychotria pumila var. pumila Psychotria pumila var. subumbellata