Pteris tremula R.Br.

Australian brake (en), Pteris tremblant (fr)

Species

Pteridophytes > Polypodiales > Pteridaceae > Pteridoideae > Pteris

Characteristics

Rhizome short, suberect to erect, up to 90 mm long, closely set with stipe bases and scales; scales castaneous, narrowly lanceolate, up to 5 x 1 mm. Fronds caespitose, arching, up to 1 m long. Stipe firm, castaneous, up to 540 mm long, up to 4 mm in diam., shallowly sulcate adaxially, near glabrous. Lamina lanceolate to narrowly ovate, up to 440 x 270 mm, up to 2-pinnate-pinnatifid. Rachis sulcate adaxially, glabrous. Pinnae near opposite, basal pinnae inequilaterally broadly ovate, up to 190 x 150 mm, basiscopically developed; petioles up to 12 mm long. Pinnule narrowly lanceolate, up to 110 x 60 mm, lobed to 1-pinnatifid; lobes herbaceous, oblong-acute, up to 20 x 3 mm, basiscopically decurrent, serrate; venation evident, free in sterile frond; petioles up to 5 mm long. Sori linear, proximal on lobes, up to 13 mm long, along a marginal vascular commissure. Indusium linear, up to 13 x 0.8 mm, entire to repand.
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Rhizome short, erect, clad in dark brown linear-attenuate paleae; stipites tufted. Stipes (5)-30-60 cm. × c. 1-2 mm., dark brown and paleate near base, stiff, erect, smooth, shining and light brown above. Rhachis glabrate, with rather distant subopp. to alt. pinnae. Lamina (8)-30-90 cm. or more × (4)-30-60 cm. or more, ovate-deltoid, bright green, membr., 2-4-pinnate. Veins all free, mostly forked. Primary pinnae (5)-20-40 × 2-15 cm., subopp. to alt., shortly stalked, ovate-deltoid to ovate to lanceolate, acute to acuminate. Secondary pinnae up to 15 × 5 cm., subsessile, ovate to oblong, shallowly crenate-serrate on upper margin. Tertiary pinnae or segs 15-40 × 3-6 mm., crenately toothed, sessile, decurrent, oblong, obtuse. Fertile pinnae with segs up to 25 × 4 mm., lobed to entire. Sori cop., continuous along margins, often to tip and base.
Large terrestrial fern. Rhizome short, erect; apex covered with long narrow pale brown scales. Fronds dimorphic, tufted, 30–130 (–200) cm tall. Stipe (15–) 30–60 (–95) cm long, pale brown to chestnut-brown, with a few pale narrow basal scales, or scales absent. Lamina 2–4-pinnate-pinnatifid, ovate-deltoid, 25–60 cm long, 15–40 cm wide, pale green, usually ± herbaceous; rachis red-brown; ultimate segments linear, 10–15 (–30) mm long, decurrent, ± glabrous, but costules on undersurface somewhat hairy. Ultimate sterile segments c. 3 mm wide; margins toothed. Ultimate fertile segments (1–) 1.5 mm wide. Veins free, simple or once-or twice-forked. Sori ± continuous, but absent from bases and apices of ultimate segments; paraphyses absent. See also Green (1994: 568–569).
Large terrestrial ferns. Rhizome short, erect; apex covered with long narrow pale brown scales. Fronds dimorphic, tufted, 30-130(-200) cm tall. Stipe (15-)30-60(-95) cm long, pale brown to chestnut-brown, with a few pale narrow basal scales, or scales absent. Lamina 2-4-pinnate-pinnatifid, ovate-deltoid, 25-60 cm long, 15-40 cm wide, pale green, usually ± herbaceous; rachis red-brown; ultimate segments linear, 10-15(-30) mm long, decurrent, ± glabrous, but costules on undersurface somewhat hairy. Ultimate sterile segments c. 3 mm wide; margins toothed. Ultimate fertile segments (1-)1.5 mm wide. Veins free, simple or once-or twice-forked. Sori ± continuous, but absent from bases and apices of ultimate segments; paraphyses absent.
Perennial with short, erect rhizome. Fronds erect to arching, to 1 m long; stipe glabrous, lamina herbaceous, ovate; proximal pinnae basiscopically developed, 3-or 4-pinnate, veins free, ultimate segments linear, apices obtuse, dentate. Sori in marginal lines.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
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Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.3 - 1.3
Root system rhizome
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Nitrogen fixer -
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Environment

Grows in rainforest and wet sclerophylll forest. Occasionally encountered in suburban areas (wall crevices, paths, borders, etc.), having spread by spore from garden-grown plants (Pteris tremula, in VICFLORA, accessed 6 May 2022).
Light -
Soil humidity 7-9
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
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Hardiness (USDA) 7-11

Usage

Uses environmental use
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
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Images

Leaf

Pteris tremula leaf picture by Mairead Young (cc-by-sa)
Pteris tremula leaf picture by Cercova Sol (cc-by-sa)
Pteris tremula leaf picture by bri (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Pteris tremula world distribution map, present in Argentina, Australia, Spain, India, Mexico, New Zealand, Portugal, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:17217090-1
WFO ID wfo-0001110823
COL ID 6WL9C
BDTFX ID 83386
INPN ID 446396
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Pteris affinis Pteris tremula var. pectinata Pteris tremula