Pyracantha crenulata (D.Don) M.Roem.

Nepalese firethorn (en), Pyracantha crénulé (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Rosaceae > Pyracantha

Characteristics

Shrubs or small trees, to 5 m tall, with thorny branches. Branches dark brown when old, initially rusty pubescent, glabrous when old. Petiole 3–6 mm, glabrous; leaf blade oblong or oblanceolate, rarely ovate-lanceolate, 2–7 × 0.8–1.8 cm, both surfaces glabrous, base broadly cuneate or slightly rounded, margin crenulate or sparsely so, apex acute or obtuse. Compound corymb 3–5 cm in diam., many flowered; peduncle initially brown pubescent basally, glabrescent; bracts caducous, lanceolate. Pedicel 4–10 mm, glabrous. Flowers 6–9 mm in diam. Hypanthium campanulate, glabrous. Sepals triangular, 1–1.2 mm, abaxially glabrous, apex acute. Petals orbicular, 4–5 × 3–4 mm, apex rounded. Stamens 20; filaments 2–3 mm. Ovary densely white pubescent apically; styles nearly as long as stamens. Pome orangish yellow or orangish red when mature, nearly globose, 3–8 mm in diam.; sepals persistent, erect. Fl. Mar–May, fr. Aug–Nov.
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Evergreen shrub up to 2-(5) m high when mature; stems very dense, spreading and spiny, often spine-tipped; very young stems greyish tomentose; older stems brown and shiny. Lf petiole 3-5 mm long, channelled above, with scattered hairs; blade narrowly oblong-obovate or narrowly oblong-elliptic, (10)-20-50-(60) × 5-12-(20) mm, usually apiculate at apex, sometimes obtuse, cuneate at base, dark green, glabrous, and ± glossy on upper surface, paler and glabrous or with scattered hairs below, serrulate along whole margin. Fls in corymbs mostly 20-40 mm across; pedicels 6-15 mm long, red, shiny, and glabrate. Sepals broad-triangular, 0.6-1.4 mm long, glabrous and shining, with a mucronulate tip. Petals broadly obovate-elliptic or suborbicular, 2.4-4 mm long, rounded, creamy white. Stamens < petals. Fr. ± depressed globose, 3-6-(7) mm wide across the top, orange-red or red, glossy.
Shrub, up to 3 m high; evergreen. Stems stiff, erect, spiny; spines woody, sharp-pointed, with leaves. Leaves simple; blade narrowly oblong or obovate, 15-30 x 5-10 mm, apex obtuse, margins crenulate-serrulate, surfaces glabrous, upper surface glossy green, lower duller. Flowers: on long, slender, glabrous, peduncles; calyx glabrous; petals ± 4 mm long, white; Sep.-Dec. Fruit an orange-red pome, 5-8 mm in diameter.
An evergreen shrub. It grows to about 3 m high. It has spines. The leaves have stalks. They are crowded on short side branches. The leaves are 1.5-5.5 cm long by 0.8-1.8 cm wide. They are oblong or oval. They narrow towards the base. They are rounded teeth. The flowers are on stalks. The flower petals are white. The fruit is round and red. They are 6 mm across.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.5
Mature height (meter) 5.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a subtropical plant. In Nepal it grows between 1000-2500 m altitude. In grows on open hillsides among other shrubs. In Vietnam it grows at 1,600 m above sea level. In Garhwal Himalayas in India. It suits hardiness zones 7-10. In Sichuan and Yunnan.
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Shrubberies, open slopes, cultivated areas, 1000-2400 metres from Kashmir to S.W. China. Slopes, roadsides, streamsides, among shrubs, grassy places, valleys.
Light 4-8
Soil humidity 3-6
Soil texture 4-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-9

Usage

The ripe fruit are eaten fresh. The leaves are used for tea.
Uses environmental use material medicinal tea wood
Edible fruits leaves
Therapeutic use Dysentery (fruit), Pain (root)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seed.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 40 - 180
Germination temperacture (C°) 10
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) -18
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Pyracantha crenulata unspecified picture

Distribution

Pyracantha crenulata world distribution map, present in Australia, Brazil, Bhutan, China, Guatemala, Honduras, India, Mexico, Myanmar, Nepal, New Zealand, United States of America, Viet Nam, and South Africa

Conservation status

Pyracantha crenulata threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30154447-2
WFO ID wfo-0000984412
COL ID 4QPY3
BDTFX ID 101763
INPN ID 159799
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Pyracantha crenulata Mespilus pyracantha Crataegus pyracantha Cotoneaster pyracantha Mespilus crenulata Cotoneaster crenulatus Crataegus crenulata Pyracantha chinensis Pyracantha crenulata var. crenulata Crataegus pyracantha var. crenulata