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Quercus coccifera L.

Kermes oak (en), Chêne kermès (fr), Chêne Kermès (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Fagales > Fagaceae > Quercus

Characteristics

A low evergreen shrub. It grows 3-4 m high. The bark is grey and smooth. It becomes scaly when old. The leaves are like holly. They are shiny on both upper and lower surface. They are leathery. They are 1-4 cm long. The fruit occur singly or in pairs. It has sharp scales on the cup around the acorn. The cup is 1-3 cm across. The acorn is 1.5-3 cm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination anemogamy
Spread dyszoochory endozoochory
Mature width (meter) 4.0
Mature height (meter) 3.5 - 4.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 45.0
Root diameter (meter) 0.5
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It grows in Mediterranean countries. In Melbourne Botanical Gardens. Temperate.
More
Dry places on limestone and siliceous rocks.
Light 6-9
Soil humidity 4-7
Soil texture 2-4
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-8

Usage

The ripe nuts are roasted and eaten.
Uses animal food charcoal coffee substitute dye material medicinal timber wood
Edible nuts seeds
Therapeutic use Tumor (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 120 - 365
Germination temperacture (C°) 10
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -12
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Quercus coccifera habit picture by S G (cc-by-sa)
Quercus coccifera habit picture by Aurelien G (cc-by-sa)
Quercus coccifera habit picture by bernard evrad (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Quercus coccifera leaf picture by jid (cc-by-sa)
Quercus coccifera leaf picture by Antoine Antoine Gnafron (cc-by-sa)
Quercus coccifera leaf picture by Thomas Roche (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Quercus coccifera flower picture by Danielle MASSON (cc-by-sa)
Quercus coccifera flower picture by Aig Garcia (cc-by-sa)
Quercus coccifera flower picture by Manuel Ibanez (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Quercus coccifera fruit picture by Blázquez Sara (cc-by-sa)
Quercus coccifera fruit picture by Alexandre Meyer (cc-by-sa)
Quercus coccifera fruit picture by André Beyer (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Quercus coccifera world distribution map, present in Albania, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Algeria, Spain, France, Greece, Italy, Libya, Morocco, Palau, Portugal, Turks and Caicos Islands, and Tunisia

Conservation status

Quercus coccifera threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:295963-1
WFO ID wfo-0000290191
COL ID 4R4M7
BDTFX ID 54390
INPN ID 116672
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Quercus coccifera f. subintegrifolia Quercus calliprinos Quercus coccifera Quercus dipsacina Quercus inops Quercus palaestina Quercus pseudorigida Quercus recurvans Quercus rigida Quercus valida Quercus aquifolia Quercus brachybalanos Quercus chainolepis Quercus consobrina Quercus cretica Quercus dispar Quercus fenzlii Quercus mesto Quercus sibthorpii Quercus arcuata Quercus rivasmartinezii Ilex aculeata Scolodrys rigida Quercus coccifera f. brevicupulata Quercus coccifera f. crassicupulata Quercus coccifera f. dolichocarpa Quercus coccifera f. exserta Quercus coccifera f. imbricata Quercus coccifera f. lanceolata Quercus coccifera f. latifolia Quercus coccifera f. laxispinosa Quercus coccifera f. macrocarpa Quercus pseudococcifera Quercus calliprinos var. arcuata Quercus calliprinos var. brachybalanos Quercus calliprinos var. consobrina Quercus calliprinos var. dipsacina Quercus calliprinos var. dispar Quercus calliprinos var. eigii Quercus calliprinos var. eucalliprinos Quercus calliprinos var. fenzlii Quercus calliprinos var. inops Quercus calliprinos var. integrifolia Quercus calliprinos var. leptolepis Quercus calliprinos var. pachybalanos Quercus calliprinos var. palaestina Quercus calliprinos var. recurvans Quercus calliprinos var. rigida Quercus calliprinos var. subaquifolia Quercus calliprinos var. valida Quercus coccifera var. brachycarpa Quercus coccifera subsp. calliprinos Quercus coccifera var. calliprinos Quercus coccifera var. corcyrensis Quercus coccifera var. dolichocarpa Quercus coccifera var. imbricata Quercus coccifera var. integrifolia Quercus coccifera var. macrocarpa Quercus coccifera var. ortholepis Quercus coccifera var. palaestina Quercus coccifera subsp. palaestina Quercus coccifera subsp. pseudococcifera Quercus coccifera var. refracta Quercus coccifera var. rigida Quercus coccifera var. ubrellifera Quercus coccifera var. vera Quercus coccifera var. pseudococcifera Quercus coccifera subsp. mesto Quercus coccifera var. echinata Quercus coccifera var. stenocarpa Quercus coccifera subsp. cryptocarpa Quercus coccifera subsp. kryptocarpa Quercus calliprinos var. subglobosa Quercus calliprinos var. puberula Quercus coccifera subsp. rivasmartinezii Quercus coccifera var. tomentosa Quercus coccifera f. echinata Quercus coccifera f. brevicupulata Quercus coccifera f. crassicupulata Quercus coccifera f. densispinosa Quercus coccifera f. microphylla Quercus coccifera f. puberula Quercus coccifera f. subinclusa Quercus coccifera f. tomentosa Quercus coccifera var. adpressa Quercus calliprinos var. palaestrino Quercus coccifera subsp. arcuata
WorldFloraDB 2024