Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Turcz.

Mongolian oak (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Fagales > Fagaceae > Quercus

Characteristics

Trees to 30 m tall, deciduous. Branchlets purple-brown, angular, glabrous, lenticellate. Petiole 2-8 mm, glabrous; leaf blade obovate to narrowly so, (5-)7-19(-23) × (2-)3-11 cm, hairy along veins, glabrescent, base narrowly rounded to auriculate, margin with (5-)7-10 undulate to rough serrations on each side, apex truncate, shortly mucronate, or cuspidate; secondary veins (5-)10-18 on each side of midvein; tertiary veins abaxially slender, evident. Female inflorescences axillary on apical part of young shoot, 0.5-2 cm; cupules 4 or 5 but usually only 1 or 2 fertile. Perianth 6-lobed. Cupule cupular, 0.8-1.5 × 1.2-1.8(-2.8) cm, enclosing 1/3-1/2 of nut; bracts basal from cupule rim triangular-ovate, abaxial surface semiglobose tuberculate, sparsely to densely grayish pubescent; bracts at rim of cupule patent, margin fimbriate. Nut narrowly ovoid, ovoid, or ovoid-ellipsoid, (1.5-)2-2.4 × (1-)1.3-1.8(-2.3) cm, glabrous except for apex; scar 5-8(-13) mm in diam., slightly raised; stylopodium ca. 1 mm in diam. Fl. May-Jun, fr. Sep-Oct.
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A tree. It grows to 30 m tall. It spreads 12 m wide. It loses its leaves during the year. The small branches are purple-brown and angular. The leaf stalk is 2-8 mm long. The leaf blade is narrow and oval. It is 7-19 cm long by 3-11 cm wide. Leaves are hairy along the veins. The base is narrowly rounded or ear shaped. The edges of the leaf have rough teeth or are wavy. There are 10-18 side veins on each side of the main vein. The cup half encloses the nut. The nut is narrow and oval. It is 2-2.4 cm long by 1.3-1.8 cm wide.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination anemogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 12.0
Mature height (meter) 30.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.3
Flower color -
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. In China it grows in mixed forest between 200-2500 m altitude. It suits hardiness zones 4-9. Arboretum Tasmania. In Melbourne Botanical Gardens.
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Woods in the cooler areas of Japan. Mixed mesophytic forests; at elevations from 200-2,500 metres in northern and eastern China.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-7
Soil texture 2-4
Soil acidity 2-6
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-7

Usage

The seeds have been processed into flour during times of food shortage. The leaves are used for tea.
Uses charcoal dye food invertebrate food material medicinal tanning tea timber wood
Edible leaves nuts seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 120 - 365
Germination temperacture (C°) 10
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -29
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Quercus mongolica leaf picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)
Quercus mongolica leaf picture by Maarten Vanhove (cc-by-sa)
Quercus mongolica leaf picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Quercus mongolica world distribution map, present in China, Japan, Montenegro, and Korea (Democratic People's Republic of)

Conservation status

Quercus mongolica threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:296469-1
WFO ID wfo-0000292048
COL ID 4R5KF
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Quercus x crispulimongolica Quercus crispula var. manshurica Quercus mongolica var. laciniata Quercus mongolica var. manshurica Quercus mongolica var. tomentosa Quercus mongolica var. typica Quercus sessiliflora var. mongolica Quercus mongolica var. mongolica Quercus mongolica f. tomentosa Quercus mongolica

Lower taxons

Quercus mongolica subsp. crispula Quercus mongolica subsp. mongolica