Ranunculus parviflorus L.

Smallflower buttercup (en), Renoncule à petites fleurs (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Ranunculales > Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus

Characteristics

Annual; roots all fibrous. Stems moderately slender, sprawling to sub-erect, sparsely hairy, (5)-10-30-(45) cm tall. Basal lvs subcircular, 3-5-lobed to about 1/2 way, 1-3 × 1-4 cm; lobes obovate, cuneate, dentate to crenate, hairy; petioles hairy, (2)-3-8-(15) cm long. Cauline lvs similar to basal but segments becoming lanceolate, entire; uppermost lvs sometimes not lobed, lanceolate, entire. Fls many per stem, 3-6 mm diam. Pedicels erecto-patent, glabrous or hairy, terete, 8-40 mm long at fruiting. Sepals 5, hairy, suberect, obtuse, c. 2 mm long. Petals 5, yellow, obovate-spathulate, 1.5-2 × c. 1 mm; nectary single, 0.5-1 mm from petal base, covered by an obtuse scale. Receptacle glabrous. Achenes (5)-10-20, strongly flattened, bordered, broadly ovate to subcircular; body 2-2.5 × c. 2 mm; face densely covered with short hooked spines; beak curved at tip, 0.5-0.7 mm long.
More
Decumbent to ascending annual, sparsely to densely pilose. Basal leaves with petioles 3–10 cm long; lamina orbicular-reniform, 1.5–4 cm diam., palmately 3–5-lobed, with lobes coarsely toothed, hairy on both surfaces. Cauline leaves similar, lobes often narrower; uppermost leaves often entire, ± sessile. Flowering stems 10–40 cm high, 2–10-flowered. Sepals 5, reflexed, ovate, c. 2 mm long, densely pilose below. Petals 2–5, obovate, 2–3 mm long, pale yellow; nectary near petal-base, with lobe ± ovate, c. 0.4 mm long, free above midway. Stamens 5–8. Pistils 6–24. Receptacle glabrous. Achenes orbicular-ovate, 2.5–3 mm diam., brown; margin paler, narrow-keeled; faces ± evenly covered with short tubercles, each terminated by a short hooked bristle; beak triangular or hooked at apex, c. 0.5 mm long.
Stems erect or nearly erect, hispid. Basal and lower cauline leaf blades semicircular or reniform, 3-parted or-divided, 1.5-3.2 × 1-2.4 cm, again lobed, base cordate, margins dentate, apex rounded. Flowers pedicellate; receptacle glabrous; sepals 5, reflexed, 1.5-2 × 0.8-1.2 mm, densely pubescent; petals 0-5, 1.1-1.8 × 0.2-0.7 mm. Heads of achenes globose, 3-5 × 3-5 mm; achenes 10-20 per head, 1.7-2 × 1.4-1.7 mm, faces papillose, each papilla crowned with hooked bristle, otherwise glabrous, margin smooth; beak deltate with slender recurved tip, 0.4-0.6 mm.
Annual, 1–3 dm, branched from the base, softly villous; lvs cordate-rotund, palmately 3–5-lobed, the lobes incised and sharply toothed; pedicels short and surpassed bythe lvs at first, later elongating; pet 1–3 mm; receptacle glabrous; achenes subrotund, 1.5–3 mm, the margin nearly or quite smooth, the sides with many short, slender, hooked spines from swollen bases; beak flat, triangular, 0.5–1 mm; 2n=14, 28. Native of Europe, found here and there in our range as a weed. Apr.–July.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread epizoochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.1 - 0.4
Root system fibrous-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A weed in moist wasteland, pasture, gardens and roadside.
Light -
Soil humidity 5-9
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-11

Usage

Uses medicinal poison
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 30 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 10
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Ranunculus parviflorus habit picture by ludovic riche (cc-by-sa)
Ranunculus parviflorus habit picture by beurny (cc-by-sa)
Ranunculus parviflorus habit picture by Sergio costantini (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Ranunculus parviflorus leaf picture by Tristan VINCENT (cc-by-sa)
Ranunculus parviflorus leaf picture by Alana Stover (cc-by-sa)
Ranunculus parviflorus leaf picture by Alana Stover (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Ranunculus parviflorus flower picture by loran (cc-by-sa)
Ranunculus parviflorus flower picture by Monteiro Henrique (cc-by-sa)
Ranunculus parviflorus flower picture by roberto (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Ranunculus parviflorus fruit picture by Jorge (cc-by-sa)
Ranunculus parviflorus fruit picture by E-Ping Rau (cc-by-sa)
Ranunculus parviflorus fruit picture by Reales Moya Antonio (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Ranunculus parviflorus world distribution map, present in Argentina, Australia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bermuda, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Algeria, Spain, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Croatia, Haiti, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Italy, Jamaica, Morocco, New Zealand, Portugal, Serbia, Slovenia, Tunisia, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:713446-1
WFO ID wfo-0000463478
COL ID 4RH9T
BDTFX ID 55260
INPN ID 117156
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Notophilus parviflorus Ranunculus trachyspermus Ranunculus pauciflorus Ranunculus parviflorus