Rhipsalis baccifera (sol. ex J.s.muell.) Stearn

Mistletoe cactus (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Caryophyllales > Cactaceae > Rhipsalis

Characteristics

Epiphytic or saxicolous, small succulents with much branched, pendulous, succulent, terete, soft, glaucous-green stems about 3-6 mm in diam., bearing adventitious aerial roots covered with a thin velamen; branches clustered, articulated; areoles scattered, woolly, bearing few to many soft bristles up to 4 mm long which usually disappear with age but the juvenile form may persist for many years. Flowers 1-2 per areole, sessile, small, green, self-fertile; hypanthium bulbous, bearing a few reduced areoles with 1-2 soft short bristles; sepaloid segments few, minute, triangular; petaloid segments 4-6, oblong, irregular, c. 3 mm long, somewhat fleshy, greenish-white. Stamens 5-10, placed on receptacle, short, with short opposing locules, apiculate. Ovary embedded in bulbous hypanthium; style short. Berry globose or oblong-globose, 5-10 mm in diam., translucent, greenish-white, white, pink or red, the petaloid segments semi-persistent, sap viscid; seeds oblong, irregularly and obtusely angled, 1 mm long, black or dark brown, shiny, reticulate.
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Much-branched pendent epiphytic shrub l–3(–9) m. long.. Stems slender, cylindric, 2–8 mm. in diameter, sometimes slightly furrowed, arising in pairs or clusters from tips of older branches, pale green, occasionally producing adventitious roots.. Areoles subtended by minute triangular scales, naked or with l(–2) short stiff bristles 1 mm. long.. Flowers lateral, solitary, small, white or yellowish.. Perianth-segments 9–12, outermost triangular, inner oblong, obtuse, 2–3 mm. long.. Stamens ± 10–20, inserted at base of perianth, ± as long as perianth.. Style thick; stigmas 3–5.. Berry spherical or somewhat elongate, 5–8 mm. in diameter, pellucid, white, pink or red.. Seeds black, glossy, subpyriform, ± 1 mm. long.. Fig. 2, p. 6.
A cactus. It has many branches and grows attached to other plants and hangs down. It is 1-3 m long. The stems are slender and succulent. They are pale green. It does not have leaves but can have small scale leaves. The flowers are small and white or pale yellow. The fruit are small berries. They can be white, pink or red. They have several small black seeds. The fruit are produced in great numbers. They are edible.
Much-branched succulent unarmed epiphytic shrub up to 3 m. long, pendent; stems ± furrowed, green or pale green, with ± verticillate articulated branches up to 1 m. long, sometimes producing adventitious roots at branch apices; branches cylindrical, green, leafless; young plants with areoles subtended by minute triangular scales with 1(2) deciduous tufted setae.
Ovary prominent, c. 3 × 2·5 mm., with numerous ovules; style thick, ± as long as segments of perianth; stigma 3–5-partite with oblong fleshy spreading lobes.
Perianth-segments unequal, the outermost ± triangular to oblong, unequal, the inner ones up to 3 mm. long, oblong to ovate-oblong, spreading, translucent.
Fruit 4–8 mm. in diameter, a spherical or elongate white or pink berry, pellucid, surmounted by the remains of perianth, with a viscid pulp.
Stamens c. 20, slightly shorter than inner segments of perianth; anthers ± 0·5 mm. in diameter, globular.
Flowers up to 10 mm. in diameter, white or greenish-white, often numerous along the branches.
Seeds c. 1 mm. long, black, glossy, finely pitted, subpyriform.
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support climber epiphyte
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.5 - 1.0
Mature height (meter) 2.5 - 4.0
Root system adventitious-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway

Environment

A tropical plant. It can grow in shade. It needs well-drained soil. In Malawi it grows in lowland and mid-altitude rainforest. It suits humid locations. It has been recorded from 850-1,450 m altitude. In Argentina it grows from sea level to 1,000 m above sea level.
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Found mostly in rather wet areas, mainly on the trunks and branches of trees or shrubs; also occasionally found on rocks; at elevations from 150-1,500 metres in Jamaica.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 7-8
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 11-12

Usage

Uses environmental use medicinal
Edible fruits stems
Therapeutic use Conjunctivitis (leaf), Conjunctivitis (root), Hair loss (stem), Ulcer (stem), Child health (stem), Anasarca (unspecified), Cold (unspecified), Dropsy (unspecified), Dysentery (unspecified), Enterosis (unspecified), Sclerosis (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Urethritis (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Bilious (unspecified), Collyrium (unspecified), Hair-Oil (unspecified), Skin (unspecified), Insecticide (unspecified), Hair loss (unspecified), Anthelmintics (unspecified), Antirheumatic agents (unspecified), Aphrodisiacs (unspecified), Astringents (unspecified), Diuretics (unspecified), Edema (unspecified), Endophthalmitis (unspecified), Eye diseases (unspecified), Eye infections (unspecified), Gonorrhea (unspecified), Hair preparations (unspecified), Hemoptysis (unspecified), Insecticides (unspecified), Liver diseases (unspecified), Low back pain (unspecified), Pain (unspecified), General tonic for rejuvenation (unspecified), Rickets (unspecified), Skin diseases (unspecified), Snake bites (unspecified), Ulcer (unspecified), Urinary tract infections (unspecified), Vomiting (unspecified), Wound healing (unspecified), Hair loss (whole plant), Anti-infective agents, local (whole plant), Burns (whole plant), Eczema (whole plant), Eye diseases (whole plant), Hookworm infections (whole plant), Hypersensitivity (whole plant), Malaria (whole plant), Ulcer (whole plant)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds and cuttings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Rhipsalis baccifera habit picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Rhipsalis baccifera leaf picture by gonzale alessia (cc-by-sa)
Rhipsalis baccifera leaf picture by Diego Elizondo (cc-by-sa)
Rhipsalis baccifera leaf picture by Hernández Aida (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Rhipsalis baccifera flower picture by Marcos Marcos (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Rhipsalis baccifera fruit picture by Marcos Marcos (cc-by-sa)
Rhipsalis baccifera fruit picture by Victoria Chaves Ramirez (cc-by-sa)
Rhipsalis baccifera fruit picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Rhipsalis baccifera world distribution map, present in Brazil, Panama, United States of America, and South Africa

Conservation status

Rhipsalis baccifera threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:49244-2
WFO ID wfo-0000399853
COL ID 7WQK8
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 630544
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Cactus pendulus Rhipsalis pendula Rhipsalis pendula Rhipsalis cassythopsis Cactus parasiticus Cactus pendulinus Cactus caripensis Cactus epidendrum Cactus quadrangularis Rhipsalis baccifera Rhipsalis neocassutha Cactus fasciculatus Cassytha baccifera Cereus bacciferus Cereus parasiticus Hariota fasciculata Rhipsalis fasciculata Rhipsalis parasitica Rhipsalis delphinensis Cereus baccifer Cactus garipensis Rhipsalis caripensis Rhipsalis cassytha Cereus caripensis Cactus parasiticus Cactus pendulinus Cassytha baccifera Cassytha filiformis Cassytha polysperma Cassytha polysperma Rhipsalis cassutha Rhipsalis parasiticus Rhipsalis madagascariensis var. dasycerca Rhipsalis baccifera subsp. fasciculata Rhipsalis baccifera subsp. rhodocarpa Rhipsalis cassytha var. mocinoana Rhipsalis cassytha var. pendula Rhipsalis cassytha var. rhodocarpa Rhipsalis cassytha var. swartziana

Lower taxons

Rhipsalis baccifera subsp. mauritiana Rhipsalis baccifera subsp. erythrocarpa Rhipsalis baccifera subsp. baccifera Rhipsalis baccifera subsp. cleistogama Rhipsalis baccifera subsp. horrida