Plants small to large, in loose [dense] tufts. Stems erect or curved, simple or branched; central strand well developed; radiculose, often densely tomentose. Leaves spirally arranged or appearing 2-ranked, distant [crowded], crispate and curled when dry, erect-spreading to wide-spreading when moist, linear to linear-subulate [ovate, oblong-lanceolate, or linear-lanceolate], somewhat concave or folded; margins plane, reflexed, or recurved, crenulate, dentate, or sharply serrate, teeth single and margins 1-stratose, or double and margins 2-stratose; apex acuminate [acute]; costa single, strong, percurrent to short-excurrent, distal abaxial surface toothed or smooth; alar cells undifferentiated; laminal cells usually isodiametric, smooth or bulging mammillose, walls firm. Specialized asexual reproduction absent, or by cylindric gemmae in leaf axils of distal stems and branches. Sexual condition synoicous, autoicous, or dioicous; perigonia usually below perichaetia, budlike; perichaetia lateral, at base or mid stem, leaves small, differentiated. Seta elongate, smooth. Capsule inclined to horizontal [erect], ellipsoid-cylindric, symmetric to asymmetric, curved [straight]; operculum conic, short-to long-rostrate, oblique; peristome double or absent; exostome teeth 16, cross striate proximally, papillose distally or throughout; endostome basal membrane moderately high, segments 16, keeled, perforate, cilia usually present, 2 or 3. Calyptra cucullate. Spores spheric, lightly papillose.
Home