Rosa acicularis Lindl.

Prickly rose (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Rosaceae > Rosa

Characteristics

Shrubs, forming dense thickets. Stems erect, stout, (3–)10–20(–25) dm, sparsely or densely branched distally; bark pale brown with tips dull red, glabrous; infrastipular prickles absent, internodal prickles dense, erect, subulate, terete, ± flattened, 9 × 4 mm, sparsely stipitate-glandular, mixed with dense aciculi. Leaves 5.5–15 cm; stipules 20–25 × 3–8 mm, auricles flared or erect, 5–7 mm, margins usually entire, stipitate-glandular, surfaces glabrous, sometimes puberulent, sparsely sessile-glandular or eglandular; petiole and rachis usually (rarely) with pricklets, glabrous or puberulent to pubescent, sessile-glandular; leaflets 5–7 (on annual shoots), terminal: petiolule 6–20 mm, blade elliptic, ovoid, or ovate-lanceolate, 20–60 × 13–32 mm, firm, margins 1(–2+)-dentate-serrate, teeth 11–25 per side acute or obtuse, gland-tipped or eglandular, apex acute or obtuse, abaxial surfaces light green, glabrous or puberulent (on main veins), eglandular or sparsely to densely sessile-glandular, adaxial green, dull, glabrous or sparsely hairy. Inflorescences corymbs, 1 or 2(or 3)-flowered. Pedicels reflexed as hips mature, slender, (13–)20–28(–35) mm, glabrous, stipitate-glandular or eglandular; bracts 1–3, ovoid, 18–22 × 4–14 mm, margins entire, sessile-or short stipitate-glandular, surfaces glabrous, sometimes hairy, eglandular. Flowers 3–6 cm diam.; hypanthium ovoid to oblong, 5–8 × 4–6 mm, glabrous, eglandular, neck 1 × 2.5–3 mm; sepals spreading, often beak-capped, lanceolate, 20–33 × (2.5–)3–3.5 mm, tip 7–12 × 0.5–0.8 mm, margins entire, sometimes pinnatifid, abaxial surfaces glabrous, sometimes pubescent, eglandular or stipitate-glandular (north); petals single, rose pink to pale pink, (13–)22–25 × (11–)20–25 mm; ?stamens 75–100?; carpels 18–33, styles exsert 1 mm beyond stylar orifice (2 mm diam.) of ± flat hypanthial disc (3.5–4.5 mm diam.). Hips orange-red to bright red or blue-purple, globose to ellipsoid or urceolate, 10–23 × 9–11 mm, fleshy, glabrous, eglandular, neck 1–2 × 2–2.5 mm; sepals persistent, erect, often beak-capped. Achenes basiparietal, 14–25, tan, 4 × 2–2.5 mm.
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Shrubs 1–3 m tall. Branchlets red-brown or purple-brown, terete, slightly curved, glabrous; prickles sparse to dense, terete, straight, to 4 mm, fine, evenly tapering to small base. Leaves including petiole 7–14 cm; stipules mostly adnate to petiole, free parts broadly ovate, abaxially pubescent, margin glandular serrate, apex acuminate; rachis and petiole pubescent, glandular-pubescent, and sparsely prickly; leaflets 3–7, broadly elliptic or oblong, 1.5–5 × 0.8–2.5 cm, abaxially pubescent, with prominent midvein and lateral veins, adaxially glabrous, with slightly concave midvein and lateral veins, base subrounded, rarely broadly cuneate, margin simply serrate or inconspicuously doubly serrate, apex acute or rounded-obtuse. Flowers solitary, or 2 or 3 and fasciculate, 3.5–5 cm in diam.; pedicel 2–3.5 cm, densely glandular-pubescent; bracts ovate or ovate-lanceolate, margin glandular serrate or incised, apex acuminate or caudate. Hypanthium ellipsoid, usually glabrous, rarely glandular-pubescent. Sepals 5, lanceolate, leaflike, abaxially pubescent, glandular, and sparsely bristly, adaxially densely pubescent, margin entire. Petals 5, pink, rarely white, fragrant, obovate, base broadly cuneate, apex emarginate. Styles free, shorter than stamens, pubescent. Hip red, pyriform, long ellipsoid, or obovoid, 1–1.5 cm in diam., with a distinct neck, shiny, glabrous or rarely slightly glandular, with persistent, erect sepals. Fl. Jun–Jul, fr. Jul–Sep. 2n = 28, 56.
Colonial; stems to 1(–2) m, usually densely beset with straight, slender, unequal prickles, even on the flowering lateral branches; stipules pubescent, glandular on the margin, when young densely covered with short-stipitate glands, as also the bracts; rachis usually pubescent and glandular; lfls 5 or 7(9), elliptic to ovate or obovate, 1.5–4.5(–8) cm, usually doubly serrate, often glandular; fls usually solitary on lateral branches from stems of the previous year; hypanthium and pedicel glabrous, or the pedicel seldom stipitate-glandular; pet pink or deep rose, 1.5–3 cm; sep persistent, becoming erect and connivent; hips 1–2 cm thick, dark blue or purplish; 2n=42. Upland woods, hills, and rocky banks; N.B. and Que. to Alas. and Eurasia, s. to W.Va., Mich., nw. Ill., Io., and N.M. The Amer. plants, as here described, are var. bourgeauiana Crép., or subsp. sayi (Schwein.) W. H. Lewis. (R. bourgeauiana; R. sayi)
A shrub. It grows 1.8 m high and spreads 1.2 m wide. It has many prickles. The leaves are greyish-green. There are commonly five leaflets. The flowers are deep pink and have a mild scent. They occur singly. The fruit are bright red, pear shaped hips.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.1 - 1.35
Mature height (meter) 1.35 - 1.9
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.2
Root diameter (meter) 0.3
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Timberlines, larch-birch and pine forests, stony glades, grassy meadows, watersheds; at elevations from 1,500-2,800 metres. Betula forests, scrub, sunny slopes, roadsides; at elevations from 400-1,800 metres
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It grows in subarctic regions. They prefer rich well drained soil. In north China it grows between 400-1,800 m above sea level. Melbourne Botanical gardens. It suits hardiness zones 2-9.
Light 3-8
Soil humidity 4-8
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 4-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 2-7

Usage

The fruit can be eaten raw. They can be made into syrups or dried and used in soups and teas. They are also used for jams along with the petals. The seeds can be ground and used in baking or cooking.
Uses beverage dye essential oil fiber food food additive forage medicinal ornamental spice tea
Edible flowers fruits leaves seeds shoots stems
Therapeutic use Eye Medicine (bark), Gynecological Aid (bark), Emetic (bark), Eye Medicine (leaf), Ceremonial Medicine (leaf), Dermatological Aid (leaf), Cough Medicine (root), Eye Medicine (root), Gynecological Aid (root), Venereal Aid (root), Witchcraft Medicine (unspecified), Blood Medicine (unspecified), Cold Remedy (unspecified), Febrifuge (unspecified), Gastrointestinal Aid (unspecified), Antidiarrheal (unspecified), Antiemetic (unspecified), Gynecological Aid (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

The plants can be grown from seed, cuttings, suckers or by layering.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 365
Germination temperacture (C°) 12
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment scarification
Minimum temperature (C°) -40
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Rosa acicularis leaf picture by Отдел Экологии (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Rosa acicularis world distribution map, present in Austria, China, Estonia, Finland, Japan, Kazakhstan, Liberia, Lithuania, Latvia, Moldova (Republic of), Mongolia, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Russian Federation, Sweden, and United States of America

Conservation status

Rosa acicularis threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30089555-2
WFO ID wfo-0001012986
COL ID 4TCSZ
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Rosa fauriei Rosa taqueti Rosa granulosa Rosa baicalensis Rosa gmelinii Rosa desertorum Rosa lissinensis Rosa ruprechtiana Rosa suavis Rosa acicularis Rosa carelica Rosa sichotealinensis Rosa korsakoviensis Rosa alpina Rosa acicularis var. glandulosa Rosa acicularis var. gmelinii Rosa acicularis var. carelica Rosa acicularis var. fennica Rosa suavis var. gmelinii Rosa acicularis subsp. acicularis Rosa cinnamomea var. dahurica Rosa acicularis var. albiflora

Lower taxons

Rosa acicularis subsp. sayi Rosa acicularis var. glandulifolia