Rosa chinensis Jacq.

Chinese rose (en), Rosier de Chine (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Rosaceae > Rosa

Characteristics

Shrubs erect, 1–2 m tall. Branchlets purple-brown, terete, robust, subglabrous; prickles abundant to absent, curved, stout, flat. Leaves including petiole 5–11 cm; stipules mostly adnate to petiole, free parts auriculate, margin entire, often glandular-pubescent, apex acuminate; rachis and petiole sparsely prickly and glandular-pubescent; leaflets 3–5, rarely 7, greenish abaxially, dark green adaxially, broadly ovate or ovate-oblong, 2.5–6 × 1–3 cm, both surfaces subglabrous, adaxially often shiny, base subrounded or broadly cuneate, margin acutely serrate, apex long acuminate or acuminate. Flowers 4 or 5 and fasciculate, rarely solitary, slightly fragrant or not, 4–5 cm in diam.; pedicel 2.5–6 cm, subglabrous or glandular-pubescent; bracts 1–3, linear, glabrous, margin glandular or entire, apex acute. Hypanthium ovoid-globose or pyriform, glabrous. Sepals 5, deciduous, ovate, sometimes leaflike, abaxially glabrous, adaxially densely villous, margin entire or few pinnately lobed, rarely entire, apex caudate. Petals 5, semi-double or double, red, pink, white, or purple, obovate, base cuneate, apex emarginate. Styles free, exserted, nearly equaling stamens, pubescent. Hip red, ovoid or pyriform, 1–2 cm in diam., glabrous. Fl. Apr–Sep, fr. Jun–Nov. 2n = 21*, 28*.
More
A shrub. It can be a climber. It grows 6 m high and spreads 2.4 m wide. It keeps its leaves except in areas with very cold winters. Leaves have 3-5 leaflets. Flowers in wild plants are single and white or pink. The fruit are greenish-brown or red hips.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.0 - 1.5
Mature height (meter) 1.5 - 2.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a warm temperate plant. It is native to China. It has become naturalised in the Adelaide Hills. In XTBG Yunnan. In Sichuan. It suits hardiness zones 7-10. Arboretum Tasmania.
More
Not known in a truly wild situation.
Light 6-9
Soil humidity 2-6
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-9

Usage

The young shoots and leaves, flower buds and opened flowers are parboiled and eaten as potherbs, or in stir-fried dishes or in soups.
Uses drug environmental use gene source medicinal ornamental potherb tea
Edible flowers fruits leaves seeds shoots stems
Therapeutic use Syphilis (flower), Sprains and strains (fruit), Ulcer (fruit), Wounds and injuries (fruit), Ache(Back) (unspecified), Ache(Leg) (unspecified), Anodyne (unspecified), Circulation (unspecified), Dysmenorrhea (unspecified), Metroxenia (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Sprain (unspecified), Stimulant (unspecified), Swelling (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Amenorrhea (unspecified), Emmenagogue (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified), Wound (unspecified), Trauma (unspecified), Fungicide (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds and by grafting, cuttings and divisions.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 365
Germination temperacture (C°) 12
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment scarification
Minimum temperature (C°) -23
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Rosa chinensis leaf picture by trish Norman (cc-by-sa)
Rosa chinensis leaf picture by zoiskourtis (cc-by-sa)
Rosa chinensis leaf picture by krystal wahl (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Rosa chinensis flower picture by Dominguez Agustin (cc-by-sa)
Rosa chinensis flower picture by Sophia B (cc-by-sa)
Rosa chinensis flower picture by Sophia B (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Rosa chinensis fruit picture by Quyền Nguyễn Hùng (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Rosa chinensis world distribution map, present in Australia, Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Colombia, Cuba, Guatemala, Honduras, Kazakhstan, Korea (Republic of), Lao People's Democratic Republic, Mexico, Nicaragua, Niue, Nepal, Pakistan, Peru, Puerto Rico, Russian Federation, Sao Tome and Principe, Thailand, United States of America, Uzbekistan, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:732029-1
WFO ID wfo-0001014372
COL ID 4TD2S
BDTFX ID 56404
INPN ID 118090
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Rosa semperflorens Rosa longifolia Rosa indica Rosa indica Rosa diversifolia Rosa nankinensis Rosa indica Rosa chinensis var. chinensis Rosa indica var. vulgaris Rosa chinensis

Lower taxons

Rosa chinensis f. mutabilis Rosa chinensis var. spontanea Rosa chinensis var. semperflorens Rosa chinensis var. minima Rosa chinensis var. longifolia