Rosa macrophylla Lindl.

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Rosaceae > Rosa

Characteristics

Shrubs 1.5–3 m tall. Branchlets purple-brown, robust; prickles absent or if present, in pairs below leaves, straight. Leaves including petiole 7–15 cm; stipules broad, mostly adnate to petiole, free parts ovate, usually glabrous, margin glandular serrate, apex shortly acuminate; rachis and petiole villous, sparsely glandular-pubescent, sometimes shortly prickly; leaflets (7 or)9–11(–13), oblong or elliptic-ovate, 2.5–6 cm, abaxially villous, glandular or not, with prominent veins, adaxially glabrous, with concave midvein, base rounded, rarely broadly cuneate, margin simple or doubly serrate, apex acute, rarely rounded-obtuse. Flowers solitary, or 2 or 3 and fasciculate, 3.5–5 cm in diam.; pedicel 1.5–2.5 cm, densely stipitate glandular or not; bracts 1 or 2, long ovate, 1.5–2.5 cm, abaxially puberulous along midvein or glabrous, with prominent midvein and lateral veins, margin glandular-pubescent, apex acuminate. Hypanthium ovoid or long obovoid, densely stipitate glandular. Sepals 5, ovate-lanceolate, 2–3.5(–5) cm, abaxially stipitate glandular, sparsely pubescent or not, adaxially densely pubescent, margin entire, apex long caudate. Petals 5, deep red, obtriangular-obovate, base broadly cuneate, apex emarginate. Styles free, much shorter than stamens, pubescent. Hip purple-red, oblong-ovoid or long obovoid, 1.5–3 × ca. 1.5 cm, stipitate glandular or not, shiny, with a short neck at apex, with persistent, erect sepals. Fl. Jun–Jul, fr. Aug–Nov. 2n = 14.
More
A shrub. It grows 2 m high. It has few prickles. The prickles are straight with a broad, expanded base. The leaves have stalks. The leaves are divided into 5-9 leaflets with an odd number. These are divided along the stalk without leaflet stalks. They have fine teeth and are hairy underneath. The flowers are large and occur singly. They are pinkish red and at the ends of branches. The fruit are very large. They can be 5 cm long. They are red, bristly and flask shaped. They are edible.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 2.25 - 2.75
Mature height (meter) 2.75 - 3.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a temperate to subtropical plant. In Nepal it grows between 2100-3800 m altitude. They grow in open, rocky places. Melbourne Botanical gardens. It suits hardiness zones 7-10.
More
Humus-rich soils in forests and shrubberies; at elevations up to 3,800 metres. Forest margins, slopes or in scrub; at elevations from 3,000-3,700 metres.
Light 5-9
Soil humidity 3-6
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 3-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-9

Usage

The ripe fruit are eaten.
Uses drug dye essential oil food material medicinal perfumery
Edible flowers fruits seeds
Therapeutic use Appetite stimulants (flower), Abscess (fruit), Antidotes (fruit), Common cold (fruit), Cough (fruit), Laxatives (fruit), Liver diseases (fruit), Eye diseases (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed or cuttings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 365
Germination temperacture (C°) 12
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment scarification
Minimum temperature (C°) -17
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Rosa macrophylla unspecified picture

Distribution

Rosa macrophylla world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Bhutan, China, India, Nepal, and Pakistan

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:732815-1
WFO ID wfo-0001015979
COL ID 4TDKR
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Rosa hoffmeisteri Rosa macrophylla var. macrophylla Rosa alpina var. macrophylla Rosa macrophylla