Rosa multiflora Thunb.

Seven sisters rose (en), Églantier multiflore (fr), Rosier multiflore (fr), Rosier à nombreuses fleurs (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Rosaceae > Rosa

Characteristics

Stems erect, arching, procumbent, or climbing, 15–30(–100) dm; bark of canes green to reddish brown; infrastipular prickles paired, curved, rarely erect, stout, 4–6 × 3 mm, internodal prickles fewer, similar, aciculi absent. Leaves deciduous, 5–12 cm; stipules narrowly lanceolate, 8–13 × 1.5–2 mm, auricles flared, 4–8 mm, margins fimbriate, ?cleft to 3 mm?, usually stipitate-glandular or gland-tipped, surfaces glabrous, sometimes puberulent, eglandular or sessile-or stipitate-glandular; petiole and rachis with pricklets, puberulent, pubescent, or tomentose, usually stipitate-glandular, sometimes eglandular; leaflets (5–)7–9(–11), terminal: petiolule 7–13 mm, blade obovate to elliptic, 10–45 × 8–25 mm, membranous, base cuneate, margins 1(–2)-serrate, teeth 12–20 per side, sharp, rarely gland-tipped, apex acute to long-acuminate, abaxial surfaces glabrous or pubescent (especially midveins), eglandular, adaxial green, dull, glabrous. Panicles 5–30+-flowered. Pedicels 5–12 mm, pubescent (especially proximally), sometimes glabrous, stipitate-glandular or eglandular; bracts 1 or 2, narrowly lanceolate, 5–10 × 1–2 mm, margins short stipitate-glandular, surfaces glabrous, eglandular. Flowers ?sweet-scented?, 1.5–2.5 cm diam.; hypanthium oblong, 2 × 1–1.5 mm, eglandular or stipitate-glandular; sepals ovate-acuminate, 6–10 × 1.5–2 mm ?shorter than petals?, margins pinnatifid, tip 1–2 × 0.5 mm, abaxial surfaces glabrous, usually stipitate-glandular; petals single or double, white, rarely pale pink, 7–13 × 5–9 mm; carpels 6–11, styles glabrous, exsert 3–4 mm beyond stylar orifice rims (0.5–1 mm diam.), hypanthial disc 2–3 mm diam. Hips orange-red to red, ovoid to globose, (4–)5–7(–10) × 5–7 mm, eglandular or sparsely stipitate-glandular. Achenes 6–11, tan, 3.8–5 × 2–2.5 mm. 2n = 14.
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Scrambling shrub or liane, ± deciduous; stems often long and climbing to c. 6 m high, often intertwining and much-branched, often layering, glabrous; armature 0 or of few to numerous, ± uniform, flattened, falcate prickles. Lvs with 3-4 pairs of leaflets; petiole 15-30-(35) mm long, tomentose and sometimes with glandular hairs; stipules adnate for c. ⅔, usually densely clothed in glandular hairs and moderately to densely puberulent, pectinate with many narrow lobes, sometimes the lobes pinnately divided. Lamina of leaflets 15-50-(60) × 10-30 mm, elliptic to oblanceolate or obovate, shining deep green and glabrous above, moderately to densely clothed in eglandular hairs beneath; margins serrate; base cuneate to rounded; apex acute to acuminate or cuspidate. Fls usually numerous in a pyramidal panicle, occasionally few, single, or rarely semi-double with c. 10 petals, 20-25 mm diam.; pedicels and peduncles moderately to densely pilose. Sepals deciduous, lanceolate to elliptic-ovate, acuminate, tomentose inside and on margins, with very few to many glandular hairs outside and on margins; outer sepals usually pinnately divided with a few narrowly linear lobes. Petals 8-14 mm long, obovate or broadly obovate, white or slightly pink. Styles fused in a column, well-exserted, glabrous. Fr. 6-8 × 4-5 mm, ± ellipsoid, glabrous, shining red or deep orange.
Shrubs climbing. Branchlets terete, usually glabrous; prickles paired below leaves, sometimes sparsely scattered, curved, to 6 mm, stout, flat, gradually tapering to broad base. Leaves including petiole 5–10 cm; stipules pectinate, mostly adnate to petiole, margin glandular-pubescent or not; rachis and petiole pubescent or glabrous, glandular-pubescent, shortly prickly; leaflets (3–)5–9, obovate, oblong, or ovate, 1–5 × 0.8–2.8 cm, abaxially pubescent, adaxially glabrous, base rounded or cuneate, margin simply serrate, apex acute or rounded-obtuse. Flowers numerous in corymb, 1.5–4 cm in diam.; pedicel 1.5–2.5 cm, puberulous, glabrous, or glandular-pubescent, margin sometimes pectinate; bracts at base of pedicel, small. Hypanthium subglobose, glabrous. Sepals 5, deciduous, lanceolate, abaxially glabrous, adaxially pubescent, margin entire or with 2 linear lobes at middle. Petals 5, semi-double or double, white, pinkish, or pink (in some cultivated plants), fragrant, obovate, base cuneate, apex emarginate. Styles connate in column, exserted, slightly longer than stamens, glabrous. Hip red-brown or purple-brown, subglobose, 6–8 mm in diam., glabrous, shiny. 2n = 14*, 21.
Vigorously colonial; stems climbing or scrambling to 3 m; stipules conspicuously pectinate-serrate and glandular-ciliate; lfls 5–11, to 2.5 cm, elliptic to obovate; infl many-fld; sep often caudate-tipped, often with some slender lateral lobes, eventually deciduous; pet white (pink) 1–1.5(–2) cm; styles connate, exserted 1.5–3 mm, glabrous; 2n=14. Native of e. Asia, often escaped from cult.
A climbing rose. It has a stem which arises as a small arch from the roots then lays along the ground. It grows 3-4.5 m high and spreads 3 m wide. The stems are prickly. The leaves have 7-9 leaflets. The flowers are 3 cm across. The fruit are red to black hips.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread endozoochory
Mature width (meter) 2.5 - 3.5
Mature height (meter) 4.0 - 5.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

On slopes, in scrub, or by rivers; at elevations from 300-2,000 metres. Disturbed areas, thickets, borders of woods, fences, streamsides, roadsides, old pastures, fields, acidic soil; at elevations up to 1,700 metres.
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It is a subtropical and temperate plant. In Indonesia it grow above 1,000 m above sea level. It suits hardiness zones 5-10. In Yunnan.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 2-6
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-8

Usage

The young leaves and flower buds are parboiled and eaten. (The prickles are removed!) The fruit are eaten raw. They are also made into syrup, jam, jelly, and wine. The stem is peeled and the core eaten.
Uses drinks environmental use essential oil flavouring food gene source material medicinal tea
Edible flowers fruits leaves seeds shoots stems
Therapeutic use Anti-infective agents, local (fruit), Sprains and strains (fruit), Ulcer (fruit), Wounds and injuries (fruit), Anodyne (unspecified), Astringent (unspecified), Bactericide (unspecified), Carminative (unspecified), Cathartic (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Polyuria (unspecified), Purgative (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Sprain (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified), Wound (unspecified), Laxative (unspecified), Skin (unspecified), Flux (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It is used as a hedge. Branches touching the ground can form roots.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 365
Germination temperacture (C°) 8
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment scarification
Minimum temperature (C°) -29
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Rosa multiflora habit picture by Brad Kelley (cc-by-sa)
Rosa multiflora habit picture by Maarten Vanhove (cc-by-sa)
Rosa multiflora habit picture by William Coville (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Rosa multiflora leaf picture by Joe Beal (cc-by-sa)
Rosa multiflora leaf picture by John Atkinson (cc-by-sa)
Rosa multiflora leaf picture by Dr Bullit (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Rosa multiflora flower picture by John Atkinson (cc-by-sa)
Rosa multiflora flower picture by Joe Beal (cc-by-sa)
Rosa multiflora flower picture by Francois Mansour (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Rosa multiflora fruit picture by ellenelle ellenelle (cc-by-sa)
Rosa multiflora fruit picture by Chaitali Saqcena (cc-by-sa)
Rosa multiflora fruit picture by rodolphe Ben (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Rosa multiflora world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Switzerland, China, Colombia, Germany, Denmark, Spain, France, Guatemala, Honduras, Japan, Kazakhstan, Morocco, Mexico, Myanmar, Nicaragua, Norway, Nepal, New Zealand, Pakistan, Poland, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Portugal, Sao Tome and Principe, Ukraine, United States of America, Uzbekistan, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:927374-1
WFO ID wfo-0001001254
COL ID 4TDNJ
BDTFX ID 57226
INPN ID 118353
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Rosa multiflora Rosa thunbergii Rosa quelpaertensis Rosa polyantha f. rosipetala Rosa multiflora f. glabrifoliolata Rosa multiflora f. inermis Rosa multiflora f. quelpaetensis Rosa multiflora f. erubescens Rosa multiflora f. pilosissima Rosa multiflora f. glabrescens Rosa watsoniana Rosa thyrsiflora Rosa polyantha Rosa multiflora var. multiflora Rosa multiflora var. legitima Rosa mokanensis var. quelpaertensis Rosa multiflora var. microphylla Rosa multiflora var. adenophylla Rosa polyantha var. glabrescens Rosa polyantha var. inermis Rosa polyantha var. erubescens Rosa polyantha var. pilosissima Rosa multiflora var. hiburiensis Rosa polyantha var. glabrifoliolata Rosa polyantha var. hiburiensis Rosa polyantha var. quelpaertensis Rosa multiflora var. alboplena

Lower taxons

Rosa multiflora var. cathayensis Rosa multiflora var. calva Rosa multiflora var. adenochaeta Rosa multiflora var. mokanensis