Rosa rubiginosa L.

Sweet-briar (en), Rosier rouillé (fr), Rosier à odeur de pomme (fr), Rosier rubigineux (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Rosaceae > Rosa

Characteristics

Shrubs, erect; not rhizomatous. Stems 10–30 dm; distal branches arching, bark dark brownish red; infrastipular prickles single or paired, curved, ?falcate?, 6–12 × 3–7 mm, lengths varying or ± uniform, internodal prickles sometimes mixed with aciculi and glandular setae. Leaves persistent, 4–6.5 cm; stipules 6–10 × 2–4 mm, auricles 3–5 mm, margins stipitate-glandular, surfaces glabrous, eglandular; petiole and rachis with pricklets, puberulent, stipitate-glandular; leaflets 5–7(–9), ?viscid glands with ripe apple scent?, terminal: petiolule 5–10 mm, blade mostly suborbiculate or broadly oval, 10–25 × 8–15 mm, base obtuse, margins 2-or multi-serrate, teeth 10–18 per side, apex acute to obtuse, abaxial surfaces glabrous or pubescent, usually densely viscid-glandular, adaxial green, lustrous to dull, puberulent or glabrous. Inflorescences panicles, 1–3(–7)-flowered. Pedicels erect, 6–9 mm, densely stipitate-glandular, sometimes mixed with aciculi [and setae]; bracts 2, ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, 15 × 5 mm, margins stipitate-glandular, surfaces glabrous, eglandular. Flowers 2–4 cm diam.; hypanthium obovoid or broadly oblong, 5–6 × 3–4 mm, eglandular, neck (0–)1–1.5 × 3–4 mm; sepals erect or spreading, rarely reflexed, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 14–18 × 2 mm, margins mostly pinnatifid, tip 3–5 × 0.5–1 mm, abaxially densely stipitate-glandular; petals bright or deep pink, 11–20 × 11–18 mm; carpels 25–45, styles villous or glabrous, exsert 1–2 mm beyond stylar orifice (1.2–2 mm diam.) of hypanthial disc (2.5–4 mm diam.). Hips dark red, subglobose to broadly ovoid, ellipsoid, or pyriform, 10–25 × 7–22 mm, glabrous, sometimes setose, eglandular; sepals tardily deciduous, mostly erect. Achenes 15–25, tan, 3.5–4(–5) × 2–2.5(–3) mm. 2n = 35, 42.
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Deciduous, rather erect, sometimes dense shrub 1-3-(5) m high, often with suckers; stems ± erect except in young plants, often with glandular hairs when young, otherwise glabrous; armature of few to numerous, unequal, flattened, moderately curved to strongly falcate prickles and pricklets, and sometimes acicles. Lvs with 2-3-(4) pairs of leaflets; petiole 10-25 mm long, ± finely tomentose and with glandular hairs and scattered pricklets; stipules completely adnate, generally clothed in very short glandular hairs, fringed with numerous small glandular hairs. Lamina of leaflets 12-40-(50) × 8-28-(35) mm, broadly elliptic to elliptic-obovate, sometimes suborbicular, dull green and glabrous above, with ± numerous, ± subsessile, pale glands beneath and with eglandular hairs on veins, sometimes hairs dense on midrib; margins ± 2-serrate, with glandular hairs; base rounded; apex acute or subacute, sometimes rounded. Fls 1-3-(6), single, (20)-25-40 mm diam.; pedicels usually with many hispid glands. Sepals ± persistent, lanceolate to ovate, long-acuminate or sometimes with an expanded apical tail, tomentose inside, ± densely clothed in stiff, spreading glandular hairs outside and on margins; outer sepals pinnatisect with a few linear to narrowly elliptic lobes. Petals (8)-12-20 mm long, obovate or cuneiform, pink or deep pink (especially in bud) except for whitish base. Styles free, slightly exserted, densely hairy or villous. Fr. (10)-12-22-(28) × (8)-10-18-(20) mm, broadly ovoid, broadly ellipsoid, urceolate, ellipsoid-obovoid, subglobose or globose, occasionally narrow-ellipsoid (sterile aneuploids), red or orange-red, usually glabrous except at base, sometimes with dark red hispid glands.
Perennial shrub, scrambler, 1-3 m high; dense, much branched; branchlets armed with stout, hooked thorns. Leaves aromatic, imparipinnate; leaflets 5-9, dark green, ovate, obtuse to acute, glabrous above, glandular beneath, margins toothed. Stipules broad. Flowers in groups of 1-3, occasionally more, pink to white; sepals glandular-bristly on back, erect and persistent in fruit; styles free; stigmas woolly. Flowering time Nov. Fruit ovoid to spherical, up to 20 mm long, smooth or glandular-bristly, somewhat fleshy, orange to bright red.
An erect shrub. It can be straggling. It grows 3 m high and spreads 3 m wide. The stem arch over and have prickles. The leaves are made up of 5-7 leaflets. There are teeth along the edges. The leaves have rusty reddish hairs underneath. It loses its leaves during the year. The leaves have an apple scent. The flowers are pink. They are 3 cm across. They occur either singly or in groups on short branches. The fruit are oval and orange-red. The fruit are called hips.
Shrub or scrambler, up to 3 m high; compact, deciduous. Stems slightly arching; thorns stout and hooked, interspersed with rusty, glandular hairs and bristles. Leaves compound; blade imparipinnate; leaflets 5-7, ± densely glandular beneath, margins serrate. Flowers: petals light pink; Oct.-Dec. Fruit a fleshy, orange-red to scarlet achene.
Shrub, up to 2 m high. Prickles stout and hooked. Leaflets 5-7, densely glandular beneath, serrate. Flowers light pink.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread endozoochory
Mature width (meter) 2.0 - 2.5
Mature height (meter) 2.25 - 2.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It grows well in high rainfall areas. It grows on lime rich soils. It is often in dry rocky places. In Argentina it grows below 600 m above sea level. It suits hardiness zones 4-10. Melbourne Botanical gardens. Tasmania Herbarium.
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Open copses and old hedgerows. Usually found on calcareous soils, it is one of the first shrubs to colonize chalk grassland.
Light 6-9
Soil humidity 2-6
Soil texture 4-6
Soil acidity 4-9
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-7

Usage

The rose petals are used for tarts, jams and ice cream. The rose hips are used for soup, jelly and drinks. They are cooked.
Uses animal food drug environmental use erosion control experimental purposes food hedge medicinal oil ornamental rootstock
Edible flowers fruits seeds shoots
Therapeutic use Common cold (root), Cough (root), Influenza, human (root), Astringents (seed), Dysentery (seed), Emetics (seed), Hemorrhoids (seed), Gastrointestinal Aid (unspecified), Urinary Aid (unspecified), Diarrhea (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified), Colic (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It can be grown from seed or roots. It can spread by root suckers. They can also be grown by cuttings or grafting.
Mode cuttings seedlings suckers
Germination duration (days) 30 - 365
Germination temperacture (C°) 12
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment scarification
Minimum temperature (C°) -30
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Rosa rubiginosa habit picture by Sabina Hartmann (cc-by-sa)
Rosa rubiginosa habit picture by yvon s (cc-by-sa)
Rosa rubiginosa habit picture by Charles Darwin (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Rosa rubiginosa leaf picture by Jan L (cc-by-sa)
Rosa rubiginosa leaf picture by Christoph Zirwes (cc-by-sa)
Rosa rubiginosa leaf picture by Zoé Lemarchand (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Rosa rubiginosa flower picture by Hans Maasdam (cc-by-sa)
Rosa rubiginosa flower picture by Marjorie Ernest (cc-by-sa)
Rosa rubiginosa flower picture by Christian Scott-Heal (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Rosa rubiginosa fruit picture by Zoé Lemarchand (cc-by-sa)
Rosa rubiginosa fruit picture by OLAF KULICKI (cc-by-sa)
Rosa rubiginosa fruit picture by Acosta García Isabel (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Rosa rubiginosa world distribution map, present in Andorra, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Belarus, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Canada, Switzerland, Chile, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Estonia, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Croatia, Hungary, Italy, Liechtenstein, Lesotho, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Latvia, Moldova (Republic of), Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, New Zealand, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Ukraine, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:734069-1
WFO ID wfo-0001004321
COL ID 4TDX3
BDTFX ID 57436
INPN ID 118474
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Rosa floribunda Rosa almeriensis Rosa braunii Rosa moutinii Rosa resinosa Rosa uliginosa Rosa rubiginosa Rosa rugibinosa Rosa walpoleana Rosa eglanteria Rosa eglanteria var. glabra