Rosa spinosissima L.

Burnet rose (en), Rosier pimprenelle (fr), Rosier à feuilles de Boucage (fr), Rosier très épineux (fr), Rosier à feuilles de boucage (fr), Rosier à feuilles de pimpinelle (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Rosaceae > Rosa

Characteristics

Shrubs low, ca. 1 m tall. Branches spreading or curved, glabrous; branchlets of present year purple-brown or red-brown; prickles dense to sparse, terete, straight or slightly curved, to 4 mm, fine, bristlelike, abruptly broadening at base, intermixed with smaller bristles. Leaves including petiole 4–8 cm; stipules mostly adnate to petiole, free part ovate, margin entire or serrate, teeth often glandular apically; rachis and petiole sparsely prickly and glandular-pubescent; leaflets (5–)7–9(–11), oblong, oblong-ovate, or suborbicular, 1–2.2 × 0.6–1.2 cm, glabrous, base rounded or broadly cuneate, margin simply serrate or partly doubly serrate, teeth glandular apically when young, apex rounded-obtuse or acute. Flowers solitary, or 2 or 3 and fasciculate, axillary, 2–6 cm in diam.; pedicel 1.5–3.5 cm, sparsely pubescent or glabrescent, glandular-pubescent or not; bracts absent. Hypanthium subglobose, glabrous. Sepals lanceolate, abaxially glabrous, adaxially pubescent, margin entire, apex acuminate or caudate-acuminate. Petals 5, white, pink, or yellowish, broadly obovate, base broadly cuneate, apex emarginate. Styles free, much shorter than stamens, pubescent. Hip black or dark brown, subglobose, 1–1.6 cm in diam., glabrous, shiny, with persistent sepals; pedicel to 4 cm, often glandular. Fl. May–Jun, fr. Oct–Sep.
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Prickles internodal, dense on main stems, sparser on some flowering branches, paired or single, erect or ± curved, terete, 5–6 × 1–3 mm, mixed with shorter prickles and usually aciculi. Leaves: stipules 9–14 × 2–4 mm, auricles 2.5–5 mm, margins entire or serrate-glandular, surfaces glabrous; petiole and rachis with pricklets, pubescent, glandular; leaflets: blade oblong-ovate or suborbiculate, (5–)7–9(–11) × 5–8 mm, or broadly elliptic, 5–22 × 5–12 mm, base obtuse or rounded to broadly cuneate, margins 1-serrate, sometimes multi-serrate, teeth 8–12 per side, gland-tipped, apex obtuse to acute. Pedicels: bracts absent. Flowers: hypanthium 3–5 × 3–4 mm; sepal tip 2–3 mm, apex acuminate or caudate-acuminate; petals white, 15–25 × 14–23 mm; styles exsert 2 mm beyond stylar orifice of hypanthial disc. Achenes 8–12, dark tan, 4 × 2.5 mm. 2n = 28.
A shrub. It grows up to 2 m high. The branches have many straight thin thorns. The leaves are compound with 5-11 rounded leaflets. The flowers are white or yellow. They occur singly. The fruit are brownish-red to black. The fruit are high in tannin.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread endozoochory
Mature width (meter) 1.0 - 1.5
Mature height (meter) 1.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 2.0
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. In Kazakhstan is grows on mountain slopes. It can grow with fairly low rainfall. It grows in scrubby forest and beside rivers between 1,100-2,300 m above sea level. In Arboretum Tasmania.
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Sandy shores and heaths, also on limestone, especially near the sea. Scrub in forests, grassy slopes, river sides; at elevations from 1,100-2,300 metres
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 3-6
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-8

Usage

Uses environmental use erosion control medicinal stabilisation of sandy soils tea
Edible fruits leaves seeds shoots
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings. Seeds needs scarification.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 365
Germination temperacture (C°) 12
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment scarification
Minimum temperature (C°) -35
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Rosa spinosissima habit picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)
Rosa spinosissima habit picture by Nathalie Potel (cc-by-sa)
Rosa spinosissima habit picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Rosa spinosissima leaf picture by Olivier Le Gall (cc-by-sa)
Rosa spinosissima leaf picture by D.M Carmen D.M (cc-by-sa)
Rosa spinosissima leaf picture by Olivier Le Gall (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Rosa spinosissima flower picture by francois tissot (cc-by-sa)
Rosa spinosissima flower picture by lstohr (cc-by-sa)
Rosa spinosissima flower picture by francois tissot (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Rosa spinosissima fruit picture by Katharina Sauer (cc-by-sa)
Rosa spinosissima fruit picture by Resin Image (cc-by-sa)
Rosa spinosissima fruit picture by Stefan Ippig (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Rosa spinosissima world distribution map, present in Albania, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Belarus, Canada, Switzerland, China, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Algeria, Spain, Estonia, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Georgia, Greece, Croatia, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Liberia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Mongolia, Netherlands, Norway, New Zealand, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Ukraine, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:324822-2
WFO ID wfo-0001014557
COL ID 78WGK
BDTFX ID 57585
INPN ID 118521
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Rosa inermis Rosa lutescens Rosa tschatyrdagi Rosa myriacantha Rosa gentilis Rosa rubella Rosa altaica Rosa sibirica Rosa mathonneti Rosa scotica Rosa mitissima Rosa humensis Rosa pulchella Rosa rupincola Rosa borealis Rosa javalambrensis Rosa pimpinellifolia Rosa scalica Rosa adenostephana Rosa tullensis Rosa spinosissima Rosa microcarpa Rosa hispida Rosa besseri Rosa melanocarpa Rosa macropoda Rosa consimilis Rosa tenuissima Rosa poteriifolia Rosa arvensis Rosa dichrocarpa Rosa agustiana Rosa granatensis Rosa grandiflora Rosa ripartii Rosa spreta Rosa chamaerhodon Rosa mathonetii Rosa pimpinellifolia var. grandiflora Rosa spinosissima var. hispida Rosa pendulina var. gentilis Rosa pimpinellifolia subsp. myriacantha Rosa myriacantha var. pumila Rosa pimpinellifolia var. altaica Rosa pimpinellifolia var. myriacantha Rosa spinosissima var. mitissima Rosa pimpinellifolia var. ripartii Rosa spinosissima var. codryensis Rosa spinosissima subsp. pimpinellifolia Rosa pimpinellifolia var. microphylla Rosa pimpinellifolia var. hispidissima Rosa pimpinellifolia var. arenivaga Rosa pimpinellifolia var. baicheriana Rosa pimpinellifolia var. vallotii Rosa pimpinellifolia subsp. gentilis Rosa pimpinellifolia var. adenophora Rosa pimpinellifolia var. hispida Rosa pimpinellifolia var. mitis Rosa pimpinellifolia subsp. rubella Rosa spinosissima var. pimpinellifolia Rosa spinosissima var. glandulosa Rosa spinosissima var. rivalis Rosa pimpinellifolia var. vulgaris Rosa myriacantha var. inermis Rosa myriacantha var. pyriformis Rosa campestris var. pimpinellifolia Rosa spinosissima var. baicheriana Rosa spinosissima var. hispidissima Rosa pimpinellifolia var. intermedia Rosa pimpinellifolia var. laevis Rosa spinosissima var. laevis Rosa pimpinellifolia var. poteriifolia Rosa spinosissima var. granatensis Rosa spinosissima subsp. myriacantha Rosa spinosissima var. javalambrensis Rosa spinosissima var. microcarpa Rosa campestris var. myriacantha Rosa spinosissima var. myriacantha Rosa spinosissima var. pyriformis Rosa myriacantha var. rupestris Rosa spinosissima var. arenivaga Rosa pimpinellifolia var. spinosissima Rosa spinosissima var. vallotii Rosa myriacantha var. ripartii Rosa spinosissima var. ripartii Rosa spinosissima var. ripartii Rosa spinosissima var. catacalyx Rosa spinosissima var. larssonii Rosa spinosissima var. liostyla Rosa spinosissima var. piligera Rosa spinosissima var. katacalyx Rosa spinosissima var. mathonetii Rosa villosa var. myriacantha Rosa pimpinellifolia subsp. spinosissima

Lower taxons

Rosa spinosissima var. inermis