Perennial herb, 0.15-0.60 m high. Stems annual, many from rootstock, Leaves sessile; in whorls of 3 or 4 or opposite; blade narrowly obovate to obovate, narrowly elliptic to elliptic, up to 50 x 8 mm, apex acute, base cuneate, margins entire, lower surface profusely gland-dotted with peltate hairs. Flowers: in 1-3-flowered, axillary cymes; 4 stamens and terminal style inserted in corolla throat opposite lip, long exserted and curved; calyx 3-4 mm long, persistent; corolla irregular, tube 3-6 mm long, with 4 lateral lobes, 2 on each side, and a lower lip, purplish blue with a Y-shaped pattern on lip; Jul.-Mar. Fruit a drupe, remaining undivided or dividing very late in development, deeply 2-lobed or by abortion 1, ± 15 mm long, black when ripe.
Perennial herb, 0.1-0.5 m high; from a woody rootstock; stems several, erect, usually simple, 4-angled. Leaves usually in whorls of 3, sessile or nearly so, elliptic, linear-elliptic to oblong or sometimes obovate, base attenuate, apex acute to obtuse or rounded, entire, coriaceous to membranous; profusely gland-dotted on lower surface. Cymes 1-3-flowered, solitary, axillary; peduncles slender, ascending; 2-bracteate at base. Flowers deep or vivid blue. Calyx campanulate, divided to about middle; lobes oblong or ovate to triangular, obtuse or acute. Corolla: tube 4-5 mm long; lateral lobes obliquely obovate or elliptic, obtuse; lower lobe obovate or oblong. Flowering time July-Mar. Fruit deeply lobed, each lobe cylindrical, smooth.
Leaves usually in whorls of 3, rarely opposite or in whorls of 4, sessile or nearly so; lamina shorter to longer than the internodes, smallest and relatively widest in the lowermost leaves, up to 5 cm long and (1.5)2–13 mm wide, elliptic, linear-elliptic to oblong or sometimes obovate, acute to obtuse or rounded at the apex, attenuate towards the base, entire, coriaceous to membranous, profusely gland-dotted on lower surface; midrib rather prominent beneath and the lateral nerves inconspicuous.
Cymes 1–2(3)-flowered, solitary, axillary, usually in the upper 1/4–1/2 of the stems (rarely also in the lower part), subequalling the subtending leaf, or the uppermost somewhat exceeding the subtending leaf, the three leaves at each node ± equal in length; peduncles up to 3 cm long, slender, ascending or the lowermost sometimes spreading; pedicels 2–3 mm long, 2-bracteate at the base.
Corolla deep or vivid blue with a bifurcate violet stripe on the median lobe, or lilac-blue to violet-blue with a yellow stripe on each side of the median lobe, or livid-blue with broad, white stripes on the median lobe; tube 4–5 mm long; lateral lobes obliquely obovate or elliptic, obtuse; lower lobe obovate or oblong, exceeding the others.
Calyx campanulate, divided to about the middle; lobes up to 3 mm long, oblong or ovate to triangular, obtuse or acute, sometimes appearing acute or nearly subulate due to the margins becoming involute on drying.
Fruit black, c. 8 mm long, deeply lobed, each lobe cylindrical, smooth, rounded at the apex, c. 3 mm in diameter.
Stems 1–several (up to 8 or more), erect, usually simple, 4-angled, ± densely leafy.
Perennial herb or suffrutex 4–77 cm tall, from a woody rootstock.