Rumex dentatus L.

Toothed dock (en), Oseille (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Caryophyllales > Polygonaceae > Rumex

Characteristics

Plants annual, rarely biennial, glabrous or indistinctly papillose especially on veins of leaf blades abaxially, with fusiform, vertical rootstock. Stems erect, often flex-uous in inflorescence, branched distal to middle, occasionally almost from base, 20-70(-80) cm. Leaves: ocrea deciduous or partially persistent at maturity; blade oblong, elliptic-lanceolate, or ovate-elliptic, 3-8(-12) × 2-5 cm, normally less than 4 times as long as wide, not coriaceous, base normally truncate or subcordate to weakly cordate, margins entire, flat to weakly undulate, occasionally slightly crisped, apex obtuse or subacute. Inflorescences terminal, occupying distal 1/ 2 of stem, usually lax and interrupted, broadly paniculate, branches usually ascending and straight. Pedicels articulated in proximal 1/ 3, filiform, 2-5 mm, articulation distinctly swollen. Flowers 10-20 in rather dense remote whorls; inner tepals ovate-triangular or deltoid, 3-5.5(-6) × 2-3 mm (excluding teeth), ca. 1.5 times as long as wide, base truncate, margins in most cases distinctly dentate, very rarely subentire, apex acute to subacute, straight, teeth 2-4(-5), normally at each side of margins, narrowly triangular, straight, 1-3(-5) mm, equaling or shorter than width of inner tepals; tubercles (1-)3, equal or subequal. Achenes dark reddish brown, 2-2.8 × 1.4-1.8 mm. 2n = 40.
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Herbs annual, rarely biennial. Stems erect, 30-70 cm tall, branched from base, grooved; branches ascending to nearly divaricate, glabrous. Lower leaves: petiole 3-5 cm; leaf blade oblong to narrowly elliptic, 4-12 × 1.5-3 cm, both surfaces glabrous, or papillose along veins below, base rounded, truncate, or subcordate, margin slightly undulate, apex obtuse or acute; cauline leaves smaller; ocrea fugacious, membranous. Inflorescence racemose, several racemes aggregated and panicle-like. Flowers bisexual. Pedicel articulate below middle (in proximal third). Outer tepals elliptic, ca. 2 mm; inner tepals enlarged in fruit; valves triangular-ovate, 4-5 × 2.5-3 mm, all valves with tubercles 1.5-2 mm (in some infraspecific taxa of R. dentatus only 1 or 2 valves with tubercles), conspicuously net veined, base rounded, each margin with 2-4 teeth, apex acute to subacute; teeth 1.5-2 mm. Achenes yellow-brown, shiny, ovoid, sharply trigonous, 2-2.5 mm, base narrow, apex acute. Fl. May-Jun, fr. Jun-Jul. 2n = 40.
A stout annual (? also biennial), glabrous herb, 20–70 cm. tall.. Stems often branched.. Basal leaves ovate-oblong, often rather narrow, up to 18 × 4 cm., flat or crisped along the edges, apically obtuse to subacute, basally truncate or more rarely subcordate; cauline leaves becoming progressively narrower and shorter, the uppermost sublinear.. Petioles long, but usually shorter than the lamina.. Inflorescence an open, rather stout panicle, leafy or not.. Inner tepals varying from ovate-triangular to deltoid, 3.5–5 × 2–3 mm., equally or unequally tubercled, the margin entire or more usually armed with straight or slightly arcuate teeth (occasionally slightly hooked) which in length are less than or exceed the width of the tepal.. Nut 2–2.75 × 1.5 mm., brown, acutely trigonous.
An erect annual herb. It grows to about 70 cm high. The lower leaves are stalked. They are 3-20 cm long by 0.6-5 cm wide. They are oblong and rounded or heart shaped at the base. The upper leaves are smaller. The flowers are greenish yellow. The occur in distinct leafy rings in the axils of leaves. The fruit is a nut. It is 3 sided.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination anemogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.3 - 0.6
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Deep situations, 1,700-2,200 metres in Kashmir. Moist valleys and mountain slopes; at elevations from sea level to 2,500 metres.
More
It is a temperate plant. In Nepal it grows between 1200-1400 m altitude. It grows in moist, neglected ground.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-10

Usage

The tender leaves are cooked as a vegetable.
Uses dye fodder food medicinal
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Astringents (root), Skin diseases (root), Antiseptic (unspecified), Skin (unspecified), Astringent (unspecified), Astringents (unspecified), Skin diseases (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seed or thickened roots.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 7 - 14
Germination temperacture (C°) 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Rumex dentatus flower picture by Joseph Dupont (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Rumex dentatus fruit picture by Roufaida elghobashy Roufaida elghobashy (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Rumex dentatus world distribution map, present in Canada, China, Pakistan, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:697039-1
WFO ID wfo-0000403385
COL ID 4TPM2
BDTFX ID 58575
INPN ID 119476
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Rumex limosus Rumex nipponicus Rumex x halacsyi Rumex klotzschianus Rumex dentatus subsp. klotzschianus Rumex dentatus

Lower taxons

Rumex dentatus subsp. halacsyi Rumex dentatus subsp. reticulatus Rumex dentatus subsp. mesopotamicus Rumex dentatus subsp. callosissimus