Sagittaria sagittifolia L.

Hawaii arrowhead (en), Flèche-d'eau (fr), Sagittaire à feuilles en flèche (fr), Sagittaire à feuilles en cœur (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Alismatales > Alismataceae > Sagittaria

Characteristics

In European and N. Asian specimens, E in Siberia to long. 105°, the petals are white with a distinct, purple or carmine, basal spot, the anthers are purple or carmine, the sepals are appressed or spreading after anthesis, and the basal lobes of the leaves are blunt at the extreme tip.The South & East Asian and Malaysian specimens are distinct by pure white petals, yellow anthers, sepals reflexed after anthesis, and basal lobes of the leaves ending in a very acute, needlelike tip.
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This perennial herb has arrow shaped leaves. It grows 50-80 cm high. Leaves are arrowhead-shaped and 5-20 cm wide. They are raised above the water level. The flowers are in rings around the stem and are white with a yellow centre. The flower stalk is long. The plant produces edible tubers. These underground corms are spherical, yellowish or brownish, with membranous scales on two or three rings. There are usually 4-6 tubers on each plant. They are 5 cm across.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support aquatic free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination entomogamy
Spread hydrochory
Mature width (meter) 0.75 - 1.0
Mature height (meter) 0.75 - 1.0
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) 0.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It grows in tropical and subtropical places. It occurs in swamps and muddy places, growing in ponds and rice-fields. It grows in wetlands. It suits hardiness zones 7-12. In Yunnan.
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Ponds, canals and slow flowing water on muddy sub-strata in water up to 4  deep, in acid or calcareous conditions.
Light 6-9
Soil humidity 9-12
Soil texture 1-4
Soil acidity 6-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-9

Usage

The tubers or corms are cooked and eaten. The starch is used in dishes and for bread. The tender shoots near the root and stem is boiled well then eaten with oil and salt.
Uses animal food food medicinal oil
Edible leaves roots stems tubers
Therapeutic use Inflammation (leaf), Pharyngitis (leaf), Skin diseases (tuber), Abscess (unspecified), Antilactogogue (unspecified), Astringent (unspecified), Bite(Bug) (unspecified), Bite(Snake) (unspecified), Boil (unspecified), Breast (unspecified), Discutient (unspecified), Edema (unspecified), Gravel (unspecified), Inflammation (unspecified), Itch (unspecified), Lochia (unspecified), Scrofula (unspecified), Skin (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Sore(Throat) (unspecified), Placenta (unspecified), Demulcent (unspecified), Weaning (unspecified), Vesicant (unspecified), Corn (unspecified), Pregnancy complications (unspecified), Skin diseases (unspecified), Vaginal discharge (unspecified), Increased lactation (unspecified), Skin diseases (whole plant)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are normally grown from pieces of the corm which have side buds. It can be grown from seeds.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) 22
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -18
Optimum temperature (C°) 16 - 24
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Sagittaria sagittifolia leaf picture by sarah redin (cc-by-sa)
Sagittaria sagittifolia leaf picture by Дмитрий Дегтярев (cc-by-sa)
Sagittaria sagittifolia leaf picture by Fred Meier (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Sagittaria sagittifolia flower picture by christoph degmair (cc-by-sa)
Sagittaria sagittifolia flower picture by neno neno (cc-by-sa)
Sagittaria sagittifolia flower picture by Georg Lanzl (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Sagittaria sagittifolia fruit picture by Vitalii🌺Suprun (cc-by-sa)
Sagittaria sagittifolia fruit picture by Vitalii🌺Suprun (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Sagittaria sagittifolia world distribution map, present in Austria, Bangladesh, Bulgaria, Belarus, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Finland, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Sweden, Turks and Caicos Islands, and Ukraine

Conservation status

Sagittaria sagittifolia threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30074004-2
WFO ID wfo-0000738109
COL ID 4TYS8
BDTFX ID 59165
INPN ID 119860
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Sagittaria aquatica Sagittaria lancifolia Sagittaria monoeca Sagittaria tenuior Alisma sagittaria Sagittaria bulbosa Sagittaria gigantea Sagitta major Sagittaria minor Sagitta aquatica Sagittaria vulgaris Sagittaria sagittifolia Vallisneria bulbosa Sagitta palustris Sagittaria heterophylla Sagittaria acuminata Sagittaria sagittifolia var. aequiloba Sagittaria sagittifolia var. divaricata Sagittaria sagittifolia var. heterophylla Sagittaria sagittifolia var. stratiotes Sagittaria sagittifolia var. vallisneriifolia Sagittaria sagittifolia var. bollei Sagittaria sagittifolia var. angustata

Lower taxons

Sagittaria lancifolia subsp. lancifolia