Santiria laevigata Blume

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Burseraceae > Santiria

Characteristics

Tree, 15-30(-45) m by 25-70(-more than 100) cm, often with buttresses. Branchlets ¼-1½ cm thick, glabrous, thin-hairy when young; pith without or with up to 20 scattered vascular strands; terminal bud ½-2½ cm long. Leaves 1-6-jugate, glabrescent, beneath sometimes aprsely hairy on midrib and nerves; base not rarely somewhat oblique; apex acutely to bluntly short-acuminate. Petioles 3-18(-22½) cm, channelled at the base to terete. Leaflets ovate to oblong, 5-26(-35) by 2-8(-11) cm, glabrous or sometimes tomentose on the midrib underneath; base rounded to cuneate; apex acutely short-acuminate; midrib and nerves (rather) prominent underneath, nerves 8-22 pairs (angle 70-90°), straight, curving and usually arching near the margin. Panicles axillary, pubescent when young, ♂ ones 4-37 cm, branches up to 18 cm, female ones (2½-)5-27 cm, branches up to 12 cm. Flowers 2 mm long, subglabrous. Calyx 0.5-0.75 mm high. Filaments adnate to the disk. Disk cupular. Pistil in ♂ flowers very small. Fruits obliquely globular (to oblong), (1-)1.25-2 by (0.75-)1.25-2 cm, stigma up to 90° excentric.
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A large tree. It grows 30 m tall and the trunk is 80 cm across. It has buttresses 4 m high. The bark is grey brown and cracked and scaly. The leaves have 1-4 pairs of leaflets. They are 7-12 cm long by 3-7 cm wide. They are rounded at the base and have a pointed tip. There are 7-15 pairs of side veins. They are raised on both surfaces. The flowers are in groups in the axils of leaves. The fruit can be rounded or oblong. They are 1-2 cm across.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.8
Mature height (meter) 25.0 - 30.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

An emergent tree in undisturbed forests at elevations up to 800 metres. Usually in mixed dipterocarp forest, but also found in swamp and keranga forest. Mostly on hillsides with sandy soils.
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Forests up to 1200-1500 m, sometimes in lowland peat forest (specially f. glabrifolia). Fl. Mainly July-Dec., fr. Mainly July-Febr.
A tropical plant. It can grow on poor and swampy soils from sea level to 1,200 m above sea level.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses. The timber is used for posts and planks, and for chopping-knife handles. The fruits are edible.
Uses material timber wood
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Santiria laevigata world distribution map, present in Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Iceland, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Philippines, and Singapore

Conservation status

Santiria laevigata threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:128463-1
WFO ID wfo-0000439063
COL ID 79KCF
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Santiria rufescens Amoora roxburghiana Canarium rufescens Santiria laevigata Santiria violacea Canarium laevigatum Santiria glabrifolia