Sarcostigma kleinii Wight & Arn.

Species

Angiosperms > Icacinales > Icacinaceae > Sarcostigma

Characteristics

Much branched liana, up to 26 m, stem up to 8 cm ø, sometimes leafless during anthesis; wood hard. Branchlets slender. Leaves oblong to oblong-obovate or-elliptic, rarely lanceolate, apex shortly rather abruptly and generally bluntly acuminate, or obtuse, base broadly cuneate to rounded, subcoriaceous to coriaceous, glabrous on both sides, or rarely with some hairs beneath, yellowish-green when dry, (7-)9-25 by 4-7(-11.5) cm, midrib slightly depressed above, strongly raised beneath, nerves (4-)6-8 pairs, curved-ascendent and inarching before the edge, pro-minent beneath, reticulation dense and very prominent (sometimes almost foveolate) on both faces, or more distinct beneath; petiole 1-1.5(-2) cm, often recurved, striate as is the midrib beneath and transversely wrinkled in dry specimens. Spikes usually 1-3(-5), fascicled, slightly supra-axillary from partly already defoliate axils, or from old wood, pendent, densely shortly brown-hairy to-hirsutulous, ♂ 15-25, ♀ up to 40 cm, the flowers in numerous clusters or fascicles with flowerless parts of the rachis between, generally sessile, rarely (only in the ♀) pedicelled (0.5-1.5, in fruit up to 5 mm), fetid. Calyx 1-1.5 mm, obtusely lobed halfway, hairy below. Petals linear-oblong, subacute, densely brown-hairy outside, glabrous and with a slight median ridge inside, greenish-yellow, 3-4 mm. ♂ Flowers: Filaments strap-shaped, glabrous, c. 5 mm; anthers elliptic, c. 0.8 mm. Rudiment of ovary elongate-conical, hirsute. ♀ Flowers: Staminodes whether or not present. Ovary ellipsoid-obovoid, hirsute; stigma a reversed subconical or flattish cup. Drupe unequally sub-ovoid-ellipsoid or-oblongoid, laterally compressed and almond-like, 2.5-3.5 by 1.7-2 by 1-1.5 cm, very base suddenly contracted and hidden by the persistent calyx and petals, apex crowned by the thickish small (1 mm) stigma; exocarp very thin, with numerous vertical thick lines standing out in the dry fruit, bright orange red or yellow, brownish-hirsute, glabrescent at length; endocarp thin, 0.5 mm, hard, a little reticulate-lacunose outside, smooth or faintly verrucose and shiny white in the fresh state inside. Seed 1, with a thin edible sweetish pulp round the nut inside.
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A large woody climber. It grows 26 m long and can be 8 cm across. It has many branches. The leaves are oblong and have short leaf stalks. The leaves are 9-25 cm long by 4-7 cm wide. The fruit are fleshy and oblong and unequal. They are orange colour. They have a thin edible flesh around the nut.
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Growth support climber
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Sexuality hermaphrodite
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Mature height (meter) 23.0
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Environment

Forests (also teak-forests), scattered, in Java largely under seasonal climatic conditions, up to 550 m. Fl. fr. Febr.-Oct.
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A tropical plant. It grows in forests and up to 550 m above sea level. It occurs in the Western Ghats in India.
Forests; at elevations up to 550 metres.
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses. In India the oil of the seeds is highly esteemed in the treatment of rheumatism; this use is not known from Malesia.
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The ripe fruit are eaten. They have a thin edible flesh around the seed.
Uses medicinal oil
Edible fruits leaves seeds shoots
Therapeutic use Hysteria (unspecified), Rheumatism (unspecified), Leprosy (unspecified), Sore (unspecified)
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Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
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Images

Sarcostigma kleinii unspecified picture

Distribution

Sarcostigma kleinii world distribution map, present in China, Algeria, India, Iceland, Myanmar, Malaysia, Somalia, and Thailand

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:608340-1
WFO ID wfo-0000498723
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Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Sarcostigma roxburghii Sarcostigma edule Sarcostigma kleinii Chailletia edulis Sarcostigma wallichii Sarcostigma horsfieldii