Sarcostigma paniculata Pierre

Species

Angiosperms > Icacinales > Icacinaceae > Sarcostigma

Characteristics

Climbing to 30 m, stem up to 10 cm ø, crooked, branched toward top and forming hanging masses; wood very soft, coarsely porous, ± yellow in the centre, watery, with a large whitish pith; bark grey to brown, smooth, rather thin. Branches divaricate, laxly rebranched, the free ends pendent. Leaves scattered along the slender branchlets, oblong or ovate-to elliptic-oblong, rarely lanceolate, apex broadly attenuate, bluntly subacuminate or obtuse, base broadly]cuneate to rounded, thin-coriaceous, paler (greyish) green beneath, glabrous, shining on both faces, (8-)12-20 by (2.5-)4-9 cm, midrib slightly raised above, prominent and longitudinally striate beneath, nerves 4-6 pairs, steeply curved-ascending, rather obscurely looping, raised beneath, reticulation dense, finely tessellate on both sides; petiole 1.5-2(-4) cm. ♂ Panicles axillary or terminal, descending, slender and flexible, much-branched and many-flowered, tomentose initially, early glabrate, 30-60 cm, the lower branches up to 16 cm; flowers 3-5 per cluster, these spicately arranged at intervals of 5-15 mm, with brownish appressed hairs on rachis and more densely around the clusters. Calyx widely cup-shaped, membranous, indistinctly denticulate, 0.6 mm. Petals narrowly oblong, apex attenuate and slightly inflexed inside, thin, whitish or yellow, practically glabrous, with 3 longitudinal veins, c. 2.5 mm. Filaments slender, glabrous, 1-1.5 mm; anthers elliptic-ovate, 0.7 mm. Rudiment of ovary columnar, hairy. ♀ Inflorescences (PNH 14563) panicled, glabrate. Flowers sessile, spaced along a rather slender rachis. Calyx cup-shaped, hardly dented, 0.8 mm. Petals oblong, subglabrous, 3 mm. Staminodes 1 mm, no anthers. Ovary oblongoid, densely hairy, 2 mm; stigma a large pad depressed in centre. Infructescence paniculate, stoutish, hairy, c. 10 cm, lower branches up to 4 cm; pedicels c. 2 mm long and across. Drupe (subovoid-)ellipsoid, may-be somewhat compressed, laxly hairy, glabrescent, 3-3.5 by 1.5-2 cm; exocarp blackish-brownish and wrinkled on dry fruit; endocarp thin, woody, smooth inside. Seed 1, white-coated.
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Growth form
Growth support climber
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
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Mature height (meter) 30.0
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Environment

Primary lowland forest, from sea-level up to 500 m (twice found at 1065 m in Mindanao), on sandy loam, scattered. Fl. fr. Jan.-Dec.
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Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

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Cultivation

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Distribution

Sarcostigma paniculata world distribution map, present in China, Indonesia, Iceland, Malaysia, Philippines, Russian Federation, and Uruguay

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:608341-1
WFO ID wfo-0000498725
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Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Sarcostigma surigaoense Sarcostigma angustifolia Sarcostigma paniculata Sarcostigma philippinense Sarcostigma paniculata var. angustifolia