Plants medium-sized to large, forming mats or cushions, green to brownish green above, brown, orange-brown or reddish brown below; saxicolous or corticolous. Primary stem up to 120 mm long, branching regularly, frequently tomentose; rhizoids essentially smooth, brown to reddish brown; secondary stem up to 35 mm tall, branching by subperichaetial innovations; in section inner cortex 7-10 cells across, incrassate, outer cortical cells smaller, in 1-3 rows, consisting of substereids to stereids, outer surface occasionally rough. Stem leaves crowded to ± distant; ovate to lanceolate or shortly oblong, 0.5-1.5 mm long; apex acute to obtuse; margins frequently decurrent; costa mucronate to short-excurrent, awn up to 260 µm long. Branch leaves crowded, ± equal in size, appressed and twisted to spirally twisted around stem when dry, erect-spreading when wet, rugose; broadly oblong to oblong-lingulate, 1.0-2.5 mm long; ventral surface keeled; apex broadly acute to rounded obtuse; margins plane, entire. Costa mucronate; in section round, lamina ventrally inserted, 2 ventral cells larger, consisting of stereids, dorsal surface rough. Upper laminal cells rounded-hexagonal to rounded, incrassate, ± flat, 7.5-15.0 µm, smooth; basal cells narrowly rhomboidal to narrowly rectangular, incrassate, pitted. Pseudautoicous; dwarf male plants axillary on secondary stem. Perichaetia terminal, frequently overgrown by subperichaetial innovations; leaves broadly oblong to oval or oblong-lanceolate, 1.8-3.2 mm long. Seta 1.4-4.5 mm long, yellowish brown or reddish. Capsule oblong-cylindrical, brown to red-brown, smooth to weakly ribbed; urn 1.4-2.5 mm long; neck 0.2-0.4 mm long, frequently wrinkled dry; exothecial cells irregular in shape, incrassate, smaller and occasionally transversely elongate at mouth. Peristome double; exostome teeth 16, revolute dry, linear, consisting of 2 divisions, 300-455 µm long, brown, densely striolate-papillose; endostome segments 16-32, outer surface smooth, inner surface vertically striolate-papillose, yellow to pale yellowish brown. Operculum 1 mm long. Calyptra 3.2-4.0 mm long, yellow to brown or reddish brown. Spores 13-40 µm, granulate or minutely papillose; anisosporous.
Home