Schotia capitata Bolle

Dwarf boer-bean (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Schotia

Characteristics

Many-stemmed shrub or slender tree up to 7 m high, often sub-scandent or scandent, sometimes forming a large spreading bush. Bark pale grey and smooth when young, but rough and dark brown when old; young branchlets glabrous to ± densely pubescent. Leaves glabrous to ± densely pubescent: petiole 1-6 mm long; rhachis 3-8 cm long, narrowly winged especially apically; leaflets 3-5(6) pairs, opposite or subopposite, sessile, elliptic, sub-rotund or obovate, (1)1.5-3.5 cm long, (0.6)1-1.8(2) cm wide, obtuse or acute basally, often oblique, obtuse or acute and usually mucronate apically. Stipules obliquely ovate, up to 6 mm long and 3 mm wide, deciduous. Inflorescence a congested subglobose panicle, borne on short lateral branchlets or sometimes terminal; inflorescence branches much abbreviated, semi-woody, glabrous or pubescent. Flowers scarlet, sessile or on pedicels up to 1.5 mm long; bracts scale-like, less than 1 mm long, deciduous. Calyx leathery, tube obconical, 3-6 mm long, persistent; lobes 4, subequal, obovate to elliptic, 6-9 mm long, 3-4 mm wide. Petals 5, oblanceolate, clawed, 10-14 mm long, 3-4 mm wide, veined. Stamens 10, united basally for 2-4.5 mm and forming a sheath around the stipe of the ovary, sheath split open on the side to which the stipe of the ovary is attached to the calyx receptacle, projecting as a narrow irregular rim ±1 mm above the junction of the stamen-filaments; one or two filaments often free to the base on the split side; filaments linear, 12-16 mm long, exceeding the corolla by 3-5 mm; anthers elliptic, 1.5-2 mm long. Ovary oblong, 4-5 mm long, ±2 mm wide, compressed, on a stipe 4-5 mm long and ±1 mm thick, adnate to one side of the calyx receptacle; style 13-15 mm long. Pod as in generic description, 4-16 cm long, 2.5-3.9 cm wide. Seeds pale brown, ovoid, 8-12 mm long, 8-12 mm wide, 5-6 mm thick, with a large compressed yellow basal aril.
More
A shrub or small, slender tree up to 7 m, sometimes semi-climbing, often forming tangled thickets. Bark: grey and smoothish, becoming dark brown and rough with age. Leaves: with 3-5 pairs of opposite leaflets; leaflets elliptic to almost round, 1.5-2.5 x 1-2 cm; apex broadly tapering and abruptly narrowly pointed to rounded and notched; base tapering to rounded, almost symmetric; margin entire; petiolules absent; petiole 1-6 mm long. Flowers: a dense, congested, almost spherical, branched head or panicle, 3-8 cm in diameter; on short spur-branchlets or, occasionally, terminal; the conspicuous stamens, joined at the base to form a distinct sheath, give the flowers a `bottle-brush' appearance; petals well developed and, like the sepals, blood red. Fruit: a flattened pod, up to 12 x 4 cm, with the characteristic persistent rim. Seeds: oval, 1.5-2 cm in diameter, pale brown, with a large yellow aril.
A shrub or slender tree. It grows up to 6 m tall. Mostly it has a single stem but may have several stems. The branches point upwards. The bark is grey. The leaves are divided once. The leaves are 8 cm long and they fold along the midrib. There are usually 3-5 pairs of leaflets. They are rounded and 1.3-2.5 cm long. They do not have a stalk but have a sharply pointed tip. The flowers are bight scarlet and cup shaped. They occur in dense round bunches at the ends of branches. They flowers have lots of nectar. This is edible. The pods are large and woody. The edges have a broad rim. There are several pale seeds with a yellow layer around them.
Leaves paripinnate; stipules up to 8 × 4.5 mm, broadly and asymmetrically triangular, acuminate at apex, rounded and sometimes tooothed at base, caducous; petiole 0.2–0.7 cm long, glabrous or sparsely puberulous; rachis 3.5–6.5 cm long, glabrous or sparsely puberulous, narrowly winged, the wing broadening distally between each pair of leaflets; leaflets opposite, (3)4–6-jugate, 2.7–4.5 × 1.2–3.2 cm, broadly elliptic to broadly obovate, almost symmetrical, glabrous, apex mucronate or apiculate, base cuneate, slightly asymmetrical; venation slightly prominent on both surfaces.
Many-stemmed shrub or slender tree, up to 7 m high. Leaflets 3-5(6) pairs per leaf. Flowers sessile, congested or on pedicels up to 1.5 mm long. Staminal tube forming a distinct sheath projecting as a narrow, irregular rim above junction of filaments. Petals 5, normally developed. Flowers scarlet.
Pod 7.5–10.5 × 2.5–4 cm, oblong, flattened, glabrous, brown, with a lignified upper suture which may persist, sometimes with the seeds and/or arils attached after the eventual dehiscence of the pod.
Inflorescence a dense subcapitate panicle; axis puberulous; bracts and bracteoles c.2 × 1 mm, broadly oblong-elliptic, early caducous, sparsely puberulous, margins shortly and sparsely ciliate.
Stamens 10, alternately long and short, basally connate into a distinct sheath; filaments c.20 mm long at anthesis, glabrous; anthers 2–2.5 mm long, elliptic, dorsifixed.
Ovary oblong, c.3 × 1.5 mm, glabrous; stipe short; style c.15 mm long, glabrous, stigma capitate, papillose.
Seeds c.10 × 10 × 5 mm, broadly ovoid, with a cup-shaped yellow aril extending about halfway up the seed.
Branchlets brown, soon becoming grey or dark brown, smooth, glabrous or sparsely puberulous, glabrescent.
Calyx lobes 4, broadly ovate, the outer two c.9 × 7 mm, the inner two narrower, glabrous.
Petals 5, bright red, c.15 × 4–5 mm, narrowly obovate, tapering gradually to the base.
Shrub or small tree, 1.5–7 m tall, sometimes scrambling or scandent.
Flowers bright red, almost sessile.
Hypanthium 3–4 mm long, glabrous.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 6.0 - 7.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Near rivers; sandy plains; dry woodland, scrub forest; at elevations up to 300 metres. Dry thornveld and bushveld.
More
A tropical plant. It grows in dry woodland and scrub. In Brisbane Botanical gardens.
Light -
Soil humidity 1-3
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The nectar of the flowers is drunk.
Uses material medicinal wood
Edible flowers
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Schotia capitata flower picture by Herwig Mees (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Schotia capitata world distribution map, present in Mozambique, Thailand, South Africa, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518040-1
WFO ID wfo-0000170719
COL ID 4VFKS
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Schotia transvaalensis Guillandinodes capitata Theodora capitata Schotia tamarindifolia var. forbesiana Schotia capitata