Searsia refracta (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Moffett

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Anacardiaceae > Searsia

Characteristics

Much-branched squarrose shrub up to 3 m high or small crooked stemmed trees up to 4 m high, usually armed. Bark rough, irregularly fissured; branchlets striate, glabrous, puberulous or pubescent, often ending in stout spurs. Leaves trifoliolate, petiolate; petiole semiterete, shallowly canaliculate above, glabrous or sparingly pubescent, (4-)8(-12) mm long; leaflets sessile, membranous to submembranous, concolorous, dark green above, slightly paler below, hypostomatous, glabrous, villous to velutinous; lamina obovate, somewhat rugose, base cuneate, apex refuse, rounded to obtuse; margin entire, revolute to slightly revolute; venation kladodromous, midrib and laterals impressed above, midrib and secondaries slightly prominent below, other veins obscure; terminal leaflets (8-)18(-32) x (5-)8(-12) mm, lateral leaflets (6-)13(-26) x (4-)7(-14) mm. Panicles puberulous to shortly pubescent, axillary and terminal, latter up to 50 mm long. Flowers normal, corolla lobes narrow, oblong. Drupe circular to oblate, obloid, pruinose, blueish brown, 3.6 x 3.0-5.0 x 4.3 mm; stone with pronounced bony lateral process.
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Branches and branchlets liorizontal or rejiexed, sometimes sub-spinous, pubescent; leaves petiolate; leaflets sessile, obovate, obtuse or acute, emarginate, the terminal one with a cuneate, tapering base, with revolute margins, pubescent on both sides or sub-glabrous, prominently veined below; panicles axillary and terminal, filiform, elongated, lax, villous, the female ones shorter; drupe globose, glabrous. Branches filiform. Petioles furrowed, 4-6 lines long. Leaflets pubescent or villous, often glabrous above, and sparsely hairy and paler beneath, the terminal one J-i inch long, 6 lines wide. Panicles slender, lateral ones 1-2 inches, terminal 3-4 inches long, pedicels very short. Flowers white, minute. Distinguished from R. villosa by the much smaller, emarginate, not reticulated leaves, and the long, slender panicle; from R. obovata by the smaller not tomentose leaves, smaller flowers and glabrous fruit; from R. crenata, by the four times longer petioles.
Shrub or small tree with cylindric greyish-or pale rufous-villous stems and spinescent often divaricate branches. Petiole 0.7-1.8 cm long, densely hairy, slender, slightly sulcate above. Leaflets subconcolorous to ± discolorous (the upper surface dark green the under one lighter), rigidly membranous, ± villous (mainly on the nerves below), rounded or emarginate at the apex, with entire or sparsely crenate somewhat revolute margin; median-leaflet 1.2-3.3 x 1-1.5 cm, obovate, cuneate at the base, the lateral ones obovate-oblong, not cuneate and nearly symmetrical; midrib slightly impressed, lateral nerves usually deeply so above, raised beneath, reticulation neither prominent nor visible. Panicles axillary and terminal, shorter to slightly longer than the leaves, hairy. Calyx-segments c. 0.5 mm long, ± ovate, pilose. Petals 1.25 mm long, oblong. Drupe blackish at maturity, 4 mm in diam., subglobose.
Much-branched shrub or crooked stem tree, 0.7-8.0 m high; bark rough, irregularly fissured; branchlets striate, glabrous or pubescent. Leaves: petioles slightly grooved on top, trifoliolate; leaflets sessile, membranous to submembranous, dark green above, paler below, glabrous to velutinous, obovate, somewhat rugose, margins entire, revolute. Inflorescence axillary and terminal panicles, puberulous to shortly pubescent. Flowers: corolla lobes narrow, oblong. Flowering time Mar.-July. Fruit a drupe, circular to oblate, obloid, pruinose, bluish brown.
An erect shrub or small tree. It is usually less than 3 m high. It has spines. It has many branches. It has grey hairs on the small branches. The leaves are alternate and compound. There are 3 leaflets. They are dark green above and more pale underneath. The edges are slightly rolled. The flowers are in loose branches in the axils of leaves or at the ends of branches. The flowers are small and 2 mm long.
Dioecious, evergreen shrub or small tree to 4 m. Leaves trifoliolate, leaflets sessile, obovate. Flowers pale yellow. Drupes round, smooth, stone with lateral processes.
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.85 - 5.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a Mediterranean climate or subtropical plant. It grows in dry locations. It can grow in arid places.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 5-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The fruit are eaten raw.
Uses food
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Searsia refracta world distribution map, present in Mozambique and South Africa

Conservation status

Searsia refracta threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77088489-1
WFO ID wfo-0000510289
COL ID 4W75P
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Searsia refracta Toxicodendron refractum Rhus refracta