Searsia undulata (Jacq.) T.S.Yi, A.J.Mill. & J.Wen

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Anacardiaceae > Searsia

Characteristics

Aromatic, much-branched, multistemmed, evergreen shrub up to 3 m high. Bark grey-brown, smooth to granular; branches dark brown, divaricate, branchlets somewhat squarrose, ribbed, often ending in stiff spurs. Leaves trifoliolate, petiolate, odoriferous; petiole semiterete, canaliculate above, often semi-alate, (4-)12(-24) mm long; leaflets sessile, membranous, concolorous, olive-green, glutinous to laccate, amphistomatous; lamina oblanceolate to widely obovate, somewhat repand in upper half; base attenuate, apex refuse, rounded, obtuse, subacute or acute, mucronulate, sometimes plicate; margin entire to irregularly crenate in upper half and apex; venation kladodromous to semicraspedodromous, midrib prominent above and below, secondary veins slightly prominent above, impressed below; terminal leaflets (6-)22(-53) x (1-)9(-18) mm, lateral leaflets (5-)15(-38) x (1-)6(-15) mm. Panicles up to 50 mm long, lax, much branched, minutely flowered, axillary and terminal, latter exposed. Flowers normal. Drupe oblate, ellipsoid, glabrous, shiny, dull yellow to cream, 5.5 x 3.4-6.4 x 4.5 mm.
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Glabrous; branchlets angulate; leaves longish-stalked; leaflets sessile, obovate, tapering to tlte base, acute, obtuse, or emarginate, mucronulate, with undulate-denticulate margins, or incised, 5-7 dentate, glossy above, parallel-veined on both surfaces; panicles axillary and terminal, equalling the leaves or longer; drupe globose, glabrous. Very similar to R. lucida, of which it has the habit, but the leaves are longer-stalked, the leaflets thinner, smaller and undulate, mostly dentate, and the panicles longer. From the preceding it is distinguished by the glabrous, resinous, shining, long-stalked leaves. Branchlets patent. Petiole ^-i inch long, winged. Leaflets membranaceous, with pellucid veins, wedge-shaped, obtuse, or sub-acuminate, 1-1 (2/4) inches long, 6-10 lines wide, the lateral ones smaller and more oval. Male panicle 3-4 inches long, lower branches 1.5-2 uncial; pedicels capillary; female or hermaphrodite panicles shorter and less compound. Drupe shining, sub-compressed, the size of a small pea.
Glabrous; branchlets angulate or two-edged; leaves petiolate; leaflets sessile, cuneate-oblong or obovate-oblong, obtuse, acute, or emarginate, flat, quite entire, ribbed on both surfaces, paler beneath, sub-coriaceous; panicles terminal, somewhat longer than the leaves; drupe globose, glabrous. Shrub grey or brown, erect, with rigid branches. Petioles winged, particularly in the upper part. Leaflets of var. 8-10 lines long, 3-4 lines wide; in var y. 1-1 (1/4) inch long, 6 lines wide; in var. y. 1-1 (1/4)y. inch long, 5-6 lines wide; lateral leaflets smaller, somewhat patent, oblong. Panicles terminal, rarely axillary, many-flowered, the male ones longer. Flowers minute. Drupe white, shining, somewhat compressed, the size of a small pea. Differs from the preceding by the 3 times smaller, not undulate or incised-toothed leaflets.
Quite glabrous; branchlets spinescent, as well as the stalked leaves, resinous, shining; leaflets lanceolate, sub-carinate, undulate, with a short, recurved or twisted acumen, cuneate at base; panicles terminal, glabrous. Habit of the preceding, differing by the shining, undulate, shorter leaflets. Leaves sometimes fasciculate; some of them 1 or 2 foliolate, sessile, the others stalked, perfect, 3-foIiolate. Intermediate leaflet about 6 lines long, 1.5 line wide, with quite entire, undulate margins, uninerved, few-veined beneath; lateral leaflets similar but smaller. Petioles 4-6 lines long, carinate, subulate. Panicle uncial, with patent branches. Flowers very minute.
Shrub, 0.5-3.0 m high; evergreen, much branched, multi-stemmed; bark grey-brown, smooth to granular; branches dark brown, spreading; branchlets ribbed, sometimes ending in spines. Leaves aromatic when crushed, petiolate, trifoliolate; leaflets sessile, membranous, olive-green, young leaves often glutinous, oblanceolate to obovate, margins entire to irregularly crenate in upper half and apex. Inflorescence axillary and terminal panicles; terminal exposed, much branched, minutely flowered. Flowering time all year. Fruit a drupe, oblate, ellipsoid, glabrous, shiny, dull yellow to cream-coloured.
An evergreen shrub or small tree. It has several stems. The leaves have a scent. The bark has spines. The bark is grey and smooth. It grows up to 3-5 m high. The leaves are divided into 3 small leaflets. The edges of the leaves are wavy. The flowers are small and green or cream. They are in heads 5 cm long in the axils of leaves or near the ends of branches. The fruit are shiny and green but turn red when ripe. They are round and 5-6 mm across.
Dioecious, many-stemmed, evergreen shrub, up to 3 m tall, with spinous branchlets (except in SW Cape). Leaves trifoliolate, leaflets sessile, oblanceolate, olive-green, sticky, aromatic. Flowers yellowish. Drupe lens-shaped, shiny, dull yellow to cream-coloured.
Dioecious, evergreen shrub to 3 m. Leaves trifoliolate, leaflets sessile, oblanceolate, sticky, aromatic. Flowers yellowish. Drupes lens-shaped, shiny.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 3.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a subtropical plant. It grows on sandy soils or amongst rocks that are neutral or alkaline. In southern Africa it grows between 20-1,250 m altitude. It is often in dry, semi-desert places. It can grow in arid places.
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Not known
Light -
Soil humidity 1-3
Soil texture 6-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The fruit are eaten. The fruit are rubbed between the hands to remove the tough skin then eaten fresh. They are used for porridges and in relishes. The dried fruit are eaten as a relish. For porridge they are cleaned of their husks and put in milk for 4 hours before eating. They are also used for beer.
Uses animal food environmental use food fuel gene source material medicinal
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Searsia undulata unspecified picture

Distribution

Searsia undulata world distribution map, present in Botswana, Namibia, and South Africa

Conservation status

Searsia undulata threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77063305-1
WFO ID wfo-0000434853
COL ID 4W76J
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Rhus undulata Searsia undulata Rhus aglaophylla Rhus nervosa Toxicodendron celastrodes Toxicodendron undulatum Rhus celastroides Rhus spathulata Rhus undulata var. celastroides Rhus theesans