Senecio madagascariensis Poir.

Madagascar ragwort (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Senecio

Characteristics

A glabrous or very sparsely hairy annual herb up to c. 30 cm tall, stem often simple below, often branching above, leafy. Leaves membranous, very variable, up to 12 x 2.5 cm, but often much smaller, mostly linear-lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, tapering to a narrow petiole-like half-clasping base, sometimes minutely eared, apex acute, margins denticulate to coarsely and irregularly toothed, occasionally pinnately lobed. Heads radiate, few to many on bracteate peduncles arranged in open, corymbose panicles. Involucre campanulate, bracts c. 20, 4-5(-6) mm long, about equalling or a little shorter than the disc, keeled, nerves 1-3, resinous, calyculus bracts few, small. Rays c. 13, often rolled under, they and the disc canary yellow, corolla lobes of disc flowers with a short median resinous line. Achenes 1.5-2 mm long, cylindric, hispid between the ribs.
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Erect subshrub to c. 0.6 m high. Leaves undivided or occasionally deeply lobate, 3–10 cm long, generally thin following pressing; base of upper-branch leaves sometimes becoming dilated above mid-stem; margin regularly denticulate or callus-denticulate; undivided leaves with l:w ratio c. 6–20; lobate leaves with 1 or 2 segments per side. Capitula few to several per branch; calycular bracteoles 8–12, 1.5–2 mm long, 0.5–0.8 mm wide, acute to peracute; involucre 4–6 mm long, 3–5 mm diam.; bracts c. 20; broader stereomes of inner bracts 0.5–0.8 mm wide. Ligulate florets c. 13; ligule 5–10 mm long. Achenes 1.5–2.2 mm long, c. ⅖ length of involucral bracts, brown, with papillose hairs obscuring 20–50% of surface; receptacular attachment areas homomorphic. Pappus not persistent, 3–5 mm long.
Annual herb, up to 0.3 m high, ± glabrous. Stems leafy, often simple below, branching above. Leaves very variable, up to 120 x 25 mm, mostly linear-to elliptic-lanceolate, base petiole-like, half-clasping, sometimes ± eared, apex acute, margins denticulate to pinnately lobed. Inflorescence paniculate. Capitula few-many, radiate, disc and rays canary yellow, rays ± 13, often rolled under; involucre campanulate; bracts ± 20, 4-6 mm long, resinous; calyculus bracts few, small. Flowering time all year. Cypselae cylindrical, 1.5-2.0 mm long, hispid between ribs.
Glabrous or very sparsely hairy annual herb, up to 300 mm tall. Heads radiate, rays 13; involucral bracts 20, 4-5(-6) mm long. Ovaries and achenes hispid between ribs. Flowers canary-yellow; September to November and in February and May.
Resembles S. mesogrammoides, but the leaf midrib is scabrid, while the leaves are glabrous otherwise; and the number of phyllaries is higher (± 20–29).
A herb. It keeps growing from year to year. It grows 1 m tall. The leaves are 4-8 cm long by 3-12 mm wide.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality -
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.3 - 0.45
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Grows in various soils, usually in disturbed sites, especially roadsides and farm paddocks.
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It is a subtropical plant. It grows from sea level to 1,500 m above sea level.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses poison
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 10 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 18 - 23
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Senecio madagascariensis flower picture by Troy Pentecost (cc-by-sa)
Senecio madagascariensis flower picture by Troy Pentecost (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Senecio madagascariensis world distribution map, present in Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Colombia, Madagascar, eSwatini, Uruguay, United States of America, South Africa, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:246209-1
WFO ID wfo-0000043517
COL ID 4WLTW
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Senecio incognitus Senecio ruderalis Senecio bakeri Senecio madagascariensis var. madagascariensis Senecio madagascariensis

Lower taxons

Senecio madagascariensis var. boutonii