Senecio vulgaris L.

Old-man-in-the-spring (en), Séneçon vulgaire (fr), Séneçon commun (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Senecio

Characteristics

Annual herb 14–37 cm high.. Stems at first white-pubescent, glabrescent.. Basal leaves sessile, oblanceolate or oblanceolate-elliptic in outline, tapered into an expanded exauriculate petioloid base, pinnately toothed or lobed, rounded, soon disappearing; stem leaves sessile, oblong to broadly oblong in outline, auriculate, semi-amplexicaul, shortly to deeply pinnately lobulate with oblong to oblong-linear, apiculate-dentate lobes, 2.3–6 cm long, 0.15–0.6 (–1–1.7 cm across the lobes) cm wide; all leaves with scattered long white hairs above on midrib and beneath especially on midrib.. Capitula discoid, in congested terminal corymbs; stalk of individual heads with long white pubescence, glabrescent; involucre cylindrical, 7–8 mm long, 2.5 mm in diameter; bracts of calyculus ± 8, imbricate, lanceolate, glabrous, up to 2 mm long; phyllaries ± 19, glabrous, 6.5–7.5 mm long.. Ray florets 0; disc florets yellow, corolla 5 mm long, tube expanded in the upper 1/3, glabrous, narrowly tubular below, lobes 0.5 mm long.. Achenes 2.5 mm long, ribbed, hairy in the grooves; pappus 5–5.5 mm long.
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Erect, annual herb, 10-50 cm tall. Stems moderate to densely hairy when young, becoming glabrous or sparsely hairy, branched or not from base. Basal and lower cauline lvs sparsely to moderately hairy when young, becoming almost glabrous, petiolate or cuneately narrowed to stem; petiole < lamina, somewhat amplexicaul; lamina irregularly toothed to 1-pinnatifid, elliptic, narrow-obovate to oblong, acute, (1)-2-10 × (0.5)-1-3 cm; venation pinnate; segments ovate or oblong, irregularly dentate. Upper cauline lvs becoming smaller, narrower, apetiolate, and usually amplexicaul and toothed at base. Capitula in small panicles, dense at flowering, loose at fruiting. Supplementary bracts 8-21, lanceolate to triangular, 1-2.5 mm long. Involucral bracts (13)-18-21, linear, glabrous, 5.5-8 mm long. Ray florets 0. Disc dull yellow, 2-3-(4) mm diam. Achenes terete or slightly flattened, densely hairy between ribs, 1.8-2.8 mm long; pappus 4-7 mm long.
Annual 1–4 dm from a ± evident taproot, leafy throughout, sparsely crisp-hairy or subglabrous; lvs coarsely and irregularly toothed to more often pinnatifid, 2–10 × 0.5–4.5 cm, the lower tapering to the petiole or petiolar base, the upper sessile and clasping; heads several or many, discoid, the fls all tubular and perfect; disk 5–10 mm wide; invol 5–8 mm, with ca 21 principal bracts and some short but well developed, black-tipped bracteoles; pappus very copious, from a little shorter than to equaling or generally surpassing the cors; achenes short-hairy chiefly along the angles; 2n=40. A weed in disturbed soil and waste places; native of the Old World, now widely distributed in n. temp. regions, and throughout our range. May–Oct.
Annual to c. 0.5 m high, glabrous except for cobwebby newer growth. Leaves commonly lobate to subpinnatisect, to 10 cm long, with l: w ratio c. 2–5; primary segments c. oblong to triangular; base auriculate, moderately stem-clasping; margin denticulate. Capitula discoid, several to many per stem; calycular bracteoles 8–16, 1.5–3 mm long, 0.4–0.6 mm wide; involucre 5–7 mm long, c. 2–3 mm diam.; bracts 13–22, glabrous. Florets numerous. Achenes narrowly obloid-ellipsoid, 2–3 mm long, light brown, with papillose hairs in bands. Pappus caducous, 5–6 mm long.
A herb. It is an annual plant. The plant grows to 15-40 cm high. Stems may branch in an irregular fashion. The leaves which form a ring at the base have leaf stalks. The leaves on the stems do not have stalks. They sometimes clasp the stem. They are 5-7.5 cm long. The leaves are fleshy and lobed. There are irregular teeth around the edge. The flower is at the top or in the axils of leaves near the top. The flower heads are in dense clusters. The flowers are yellow.
Annual herb, ± cobwebby to glabrous. Stems erect, up to 0.5 m high, mostly branching. Leaves stem-clasping, sessile, oblong, up to 65 mm long, bluntly pinnatifid and toothed. Inflorescence corymbose. Capitula crowded or scattered, nodding, discoid, yellow; involucre narrowly campanulate; bracts 7 mm long, ± 12; calyculus bracts few-several, small. Flowering time all year. Cypselae cylindrical, 2.5 mm long, ribbed, hairy.
Erect, subglabrous annual or biennial to 40 cm. Leaves oblong-oblanceolate, irregularly lacerate-pinnatifid, lower petiolate, upper auriculate. Flower heads discoid, in leafy corymbs, yellow, involucre calycled; florets with lower slender portion of tube 3x as long as upper inflated portion.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread anemochory
Mature width (meter) 0.13 - 0.33
Mature height (meter) 0.3 - 0.4
Root system tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) 0.19
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Grows mostly in urban environments, in garden beds and footpaths; also occurring in orchards and occasionally invading woodland and forest. In Australia mostly confined to urban environments, particularly garden beds.
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Found along roadsides and waste places, it is also a common weed of cultivated land, succeeding on most soils but avoiding shade.
It grows in temperate places. In China it grows between 300-2,300 m above sea level. Tasmania Herbarium.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 3-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-8

Usage

CAUTION: It can cause diarrhoea and vomiting. The leaves are used in stews and soups.
Uses medicinal poison
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Amenorrhea (unspecified), Cancer (unspecified), Colic (unspecified), Dentistry (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Dysmenorrhea (unspecified), Emetic (unspecified), Emmenagogue (unspecified), Hemostat (unspecified), Hypertension (unspecified), Odontorrhagia (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Purgative (unspecified), Scurvy (unspecified), Sudorific (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified), Urogenital (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Vulnerary (unspecified), Uterus (unspecified), Eye (unspecified), Hypertrophy (unspecified), Diuretics (unspecified), Hepatomegaly (unspecified), Mastitis (unspecified), Menstruation-inducing agents (unspecified), Diaphoretic (unspecified)
Human toxicity toxic (whole)
Animal toxicity very strong toxic (whole)

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 10 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 18 - 23
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -23
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Senecio vulgaris habit picture by Ymelie (cc-by-sa)
Senecio vulgaris habit picture by Thierry LE COM (cc-by-sa)
Senecio vulgaris habit picture by Sabina Hartmann (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Senecio vulgaris leaf picture by ivera ivera (cc-by-sa)
Senecio vulgaris leaf picture by Cristian Zanella Cristian Zanella (cc-by-sa)
Senecio vulgaris leaf picture by Jean-Marc Vessot (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Senecio vulgaris flower picture by Cristian Zanella Cristian Zanella (cc-by-sa)
Senecio vulgaris flower picture by Paula Müller (cc-by-sa)
Senecio vulgaris flower picture by Martinez Casas Conchita (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Senecio vulgaris fruit picture by Cristian Zanella Cristian Zanella (cc-by-sa)
Senecio vulgaris fruit picture by Erik Berkhof (cc-by-sa)
Senecio vulgaris fruit picture by Fernandez Cusachs Marc (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Senecio vulgaris world distribution map, present in Australia, Brazil, Canada, France, India, New Zealand, Pakistan, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:248251-1
WFO ID wfo-0000011329
COL ID 4WNRF
BDTFX ID 63096
INPN ID 122745
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Senecio vulgaris Senecio vulgaris var. vulgaris

Lower taxons

Senecio vulgaris subsp. vulgaris Senecio vulgaris subsp. denticulatus